# NTSB GAA18CA445: Cirrus SR20, N482DA, Sanford, FL, July 25, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: July 25, 2018, 17:10 local (21:10 UTC) - Place: Sanford, FL - Coordinates: 28.776945, -81.235 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.7769&lon=-81.2350&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Taxi](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/250) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Taxi: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report September 26, 2019 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 97902 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA18CA445 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/97902/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=97902 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA18CA445 ## Probable cause The flight instructor's failure to maintain an appropriate approach speed in crosswind conditions, which resulted in the airplane landing long on the wet runway and his subsequent loss of directional control when he attempted to exit the runway at high speed onto a taxiway, which resulted in the airplane subsequently colliding with three airplanes on the ramp. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: airspeed](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 13 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 1,681 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062010/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 17 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 47 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Convective weather: thunderstorm](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 100 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03033010/cases.md) - [Wind: crosswind](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 1,008 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034040/cases.md) - [Wind: gusts](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 1,199 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md) - [Runway/land/takeoff/taxi surface: wet surface](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation; cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 141 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023010/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Abnormal runway contact](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 15 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 1,506 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/090/sequence.md) - [Taxi: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200) (defining event); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR20, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md?model=2130000), [All aircraft, 618 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md) ## Analysis The flight instructor reported that, following simulated instrument flight instruction to a private pilot-rated student, he took the controls while on approach to the airport. He added that it had started to rain but that the runway was still visible. Before touchdown, the instructor kept the airplane in ground effect to reduce the airspeed, and the airplane touched down about halfway down the 3,578-ft-long runway, bounced twice, and touched down again. He then applied brakes, and the student "got the flaps up." After exiting the runway onto a taxiway, the instructor applied brakes, but the "airplane was still traveling too fast when [it] entered the ramp," and it veered slightly left of the taxiway centerline and struck three unoccupied airplanes on the ramp. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing and left-wing spar box. The instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The airport's automated weather observation station reported that, about the time of the accident, the wind was from 200° at 16 knots, gusting to 23 knots; visibility was 1 statute mile; broken clouds at 3,900 ft; temperature 81°F; dew point 73°F; and heavy rain. The instructor landed the airplane on runway 27C. ## Factual narrative The flight instructor reported that, he was providing simulated instrument flight instruction to a private pilot rated student. Following the instruction, due to increased wind and rain and decreasing visibility the instructor took the controls while returning to the airport. Prior to touchdown, the instructor kept the airplane in ground effect to reduce the airspeed and the airplane touched down about halfway down the 3,578 ft. runway, bounced twice, and touched down again. He then applied brakes and the student "got the flaps up." After exiting the runway onto a taxiway, the instructor applied brakes but the "airplane was still traveling too fast when [it] entered the ramp" and veered slightly left of taxiway centerline striking three unoccupied airplanes on the ramp. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left-wing and left-wing spar box. The instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The automated weather observation station located on the airport reported that, about the time of the accident, the wind was from 200° at 16 knots, gusting 16 knots, 1 statute miles, broken clouds at 3,900 ft, temperature 81°F, dew point 73°F, with heavy rain.. The airplane landed on runway 27C. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N482DA](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N482DA-2019-12-16), registration cancelled 2019-12-16, S/N 1824, built 2007 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cirrus SR20 (No Series) - Registry model: [Cirrus Design SR20](https://openairdocs.org/model/cirrus-design-sr20) (registry code 2130000) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-360-ES](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-360-es) (registry code 17160, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 1824 - Year built: 2007 - Airframe hours: 9606.8 - Engines: Continental IO-360-ES 200 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Aerosim Academy Inc. - Registered owner: Aerosim Academy Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, June 14, 2018 - Departed: SFB, Sanford, FL - Destination: SFB, Sanford, FL - Flight plan: VFR - Airport: SFB, Orlando Sanford Intl, runway 27C, 3,578 × 75 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Unknown ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Flight instructor; age 49; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review November 25, 2017; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 556.2 total, 138.5 in this make and model, 356 as pilot in command, 138.5 in the last 90 days, 75.3 in the last 30 days - Student pilot; age 21; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review June 27, 2018; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 86 total, 11 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 200° at 16 knots, gusting 23 - Lowest ceiling: 3,900 ft broken - Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 73 °F - Altimeter: 29.94 inHg - Turbulence: Light - Observed at: KSFB, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20180725017951A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20180725017951A), Jul 25, 2018: Cirrus Design Corp SR20, Sanford, FL, Substantial damage. On July 25, 2018 the instructor returned from the north practice area to Sanford (ksfb) for landing practice with two student pilots with their private pilot… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 29, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=97902. 3.9 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 3.7 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473214&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Accident Photo (item 2, .PDF, 1 photo, 161 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473215&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.