# NTSB GAA19CA071: Piper PA28, N607FT, Miami, FL, November 20, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: November 20, 2018, 09:30 local (14:30 UTC) - Place: Miami, FL - Coordinates: 25.647499, -80.433334 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=25.6475&lon=-80.4333&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Taxi](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/250) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining events: [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200); [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report September 26, 2019 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 98673 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA071 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/98673/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98673 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA071 ## Probable cause (aircraft 2) The other pilot's improper decision to taxi past another airplane occupying a taxiway and her subsequent failure to maintain clearance from the airplane. ## Probable cause (aircraft 1) The student pilot's improper decision to taxi past another airplane occupying the taxiway and her subsequent failure to maintain clearance from the airplane. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause), aircraft 1; cases with it: [Piper PA-28-161, 19 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=7102803), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance: aircraft](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022040): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation (probable cause), aircraft 1; cases with it: [Piper PA-28-161, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022040/cases.md?model=7102803), [All aircraft, 116 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022040/cases.md) - [Attention/monitoring: monitoring other aircraft](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021540): Personnel issues › Psychological · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause), aircraft 1; cases with it: [Piper PA-28-161, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021540/cases.md?model=7102803), [All aircraft, 231 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021540/cases.md) - [Info processing/decision: decision making/judgment](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot of other aircraft (probable cause), aircraft 2; cases with it: [Cessna 172M, 36 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md?model=2072418), [All aircraft, 3,098 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041520/cases.md) - [Attention/monitoring: monitoring other aircraft](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021540): Personnel issues › Psychological · Pilot of other aircraft (probable cause), aircraft 2; cases with it: [Cessna 172M, 8 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021540/cases.md?model=2072418), [All aircraft, 231 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02021540/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance: aircraft](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022040): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation (probable cause), aircraft 2; cases with it: [Cessna 172M, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022040/cases.md?model=2072418), [All aircraft, 116 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200) (defining event), aircraft 1; cases with it: [Piper PA-28-161, 13 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md?model=7102803), [All aircraft, 618 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md) - [Taxi-from runway: Ground collision](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200) (defining event), aircraft 2; cases with it: [Cessna 172M, 15 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md?model=2072418), [All aircraft, 618 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/200/sequence.md) ## Analysis (aircraft 2) The student pilot in the low-wing airplane reported that, after landing, she exited the runway onto a taxiway, which was occupied by a high-wing airplane that had landed before her. She attempted to pass the high-wing airplane on the left, but her airplane's right wing struck the other airplane's left wing lift strut. Her airplane then turned right about 180°, and the right wing struck the propeller and then the right wing of the high-wing airplane. The flight instructor in the high-wing airplane reported that, after exiting the runway onto a taxiway, he "felt a small hit on the left side." He saw a low-wing airplane make a right, 180° turn around the front of his airplane and impact its right wing. The low- and high-wing airplanes sustained substantial damage to their right wings. The student reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Analysis (aircraft 1) The student pilot in the low-wing airplane reported that, after landing, she exited the runway onto a taxiway, which was occupied by a high-wing airplane that had landed before her. She attempted to pass the high-wing airplane on the left, but her airplane's right wing struck the other airplane's left wing lift strut. Her airplane then turned right about 180°, and the right wing struck the propeller and then the right wing of the high-wing airplane. The flight instructor in the high-wing airplane reported that, after exiting the runway onto a taxiway, he "felt a small hit on the left side." He saw a low-wing airplane make a right, 180° turn around the front of his airplane and impact its right wing. The low- and high-wing airplanes sustained substantial damage to their right wings. The student reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative (aircraft 2) The student pilot in the low-wing airplane reported that after landing, she exited the runway on to a taxiway which was occupied by the high-wing airplane which had landed before her. She attempted to pass the high-wing airplane on its left, but her right wing struck the other airplane's left wing lift strut. Her airplane then continued to the right, turning about 180° with her right wing striking the propeller of the high-wing airplane, followed by her propeller striking the right wing of the high-wing airplane. The flight instructor in the high-wing airplane reported that after exiting the runway on to a taxiway he "felt a small hit on the left side." He saw a low-wing airplane make a right 180° turn around the front of his airplane and impact the right wing of his airplane. The low-wing airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The high-wing airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The student pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative (aircraft 1) The student pilot in the low-wing airplane reported that after landing, she exited the runway on to a taxiway which was occupied by the high-wing airplane which had landed before her. She attempted to pass the high-wing airplane on its left, but her right wing struck the other airplane's left wing lift strut. Her airplane then continued to the right, turning about 180° with her right wing striking the propeller of the high-wing airplane, followed by her propeller striking the right wing of the high-wing airplane. The flight instructor in the high-wing airplane reported that after exiting the runway on to a taxiway he "felt a small hit on the left side." He saw a low-wing airplane make a right 180° turn around the front of his airplane and impact the right wing of his airplane. The low-wing airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The high-wing airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The student pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft 1 - Registration: [N607FT](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N607FT), registered now, S/N 28-7916271, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Piper PA28 (161) - Registry model: [Piper PA-28-161](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-161) (registry code 7102803) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 2841215 - Year built: 1989 - Airframe hours: 13292 - Engines: Lycoming O-360-D3G 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Pilot Training Center Llc - Registered owner: Pilot Training Center Llc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, November 6, 2018 - Departed: TMB, Miami, FL - Destination: TMB, Miami, FL - Airport: TMB, Miami Executive - Equipment: Stall warning system ## Aircraft 2 - Registration: [N80298](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N80298), registered now, S/N 17266504, built 1975 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172 (M) - Registry model: [Cessna 172M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172m) (registry code 2072418) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17266504 - Year built: 1975 - Engines: Lycoming O-320 SERIES reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: TMB, Miami, FL - Destination: TMB, Miami, FL - Airport: TMB, Miami Executive, runway 09L, 5,003 × 150 ft, asphalt - Equipment: ADS-B, Stall warning system ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot, aircraft N607FT; age 24; injuries: none; student; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 53.7 total, 48.4 in this make and model, 4.8 as pilot in command, 30.7 in the last 90 days, 16.7 in the last 30 days - Flight instructor, aircraft N80298; age 34; injuries: none; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; last flight review April 1, 2018; seat: right; flight hours: 700 total, 700 in this make and model, 550 as pilot in command, 200 in the last 90 days, 70 in the last 30 days, 6 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Temperature: 84 °F, dew point 70 °F - Altimeter: 30.09 inHg - Observed at: KTMB ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20181120022771A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20181120022771A), Nov 20, 2018: Piper PA-28-161, Miami, FL, Substantial damage. Piper PA-28-161 aircraft N607FT with a student pilot after landing exited runway 9L at Miami Executive Airport (tmb) at taxiway A2 attempted to taxi around… ## Other investigations on N607FT (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB MIA05CA014](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA05CA014), Oct 19, 2004: Piper PA-28-161 (N607FT), Valkaria, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The inadvertent collision with a deer during takeoff which resulted in damage to the right brake system and the airplane being unable to stop prior to the end of the runway. - [NTSB MIA95LA235](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA235), Sep 26, 1995: Piper PA-28-161 (N607FT), Melbourne, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: THE FAILURE OF THE PILOT TO MAINTAIN DIRECTIONAL CONTROL DURING LANDING. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE CROSSWIND. ## Docket (4 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 13, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98673. 9.6 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 - Pilot in N607FT (item 1, .PDF, 2.4 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473364&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1%20-%20Pilot%20in%20N607FT-Master.PDF - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 - Operator in N607FT (item 2, .PDF, 3.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473365&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1%20-%20Operator%20in%20N607FT-Master.PDF - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 - N80298 (item 3, .PDF, 3.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473366&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1%20-%20N80298-Master.PDF - Photo (item 4, .PDF, 1 photo, 112 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473367&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.