# NTSB GAA19CA081: Cessna 172, N4642J, Inverness, FL, November 12, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: November 12, 2018, 14:00 local (19:00 UTC) - Place: Inverness, FL - Coordinates: 28.806388, -82.318054 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.8064&lon=-82.3181&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report June 10, 2019 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 98703 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA081 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/98703/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98703 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA081 ## Probable cause The pilot receiving instruction's failure to maintain directional control during landing. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 82 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 3,969 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 150 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 9,308 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Terrain: sloped/uneven terrain](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021017): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcome; cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 7 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021017/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 270 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021017/cases.md) - [Action: delayed action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilot; cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 19 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 895 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 81 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 4,590 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 22 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 1,428 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Landing: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 81 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 3,656 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 134 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 10,154 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) - [Landing: Landing gear collapse](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 10 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 1,789 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/094/sequence.md) - [Landing: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096); cases with it: [Cessna 172N, 43 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md?model=2072434), [All aircraft, 2,289 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md) ## Analysis The flight instructor reported that, with the pilot receiving instruction at the flight controls, the airplane veered left during the landing roll and that he then took the flight controls. He added full power and reduced flaps, but the airplane continued to veer left and exited the runway. Subsequently, the airplane impacted a ditch, the nose landing gear collapsed, and the airplane then came to rest inverted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. The instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The instructor reported that the wind was from 170° at 8 knots. The airport’s automated weather observation station reported that, about 15 minutes after the accident, the wind was from 140° at 4 knots. The pilot landed the airplane on runway 19. ## Factual narrative The flight instructor reported that, with the pilot receiving instruction at the flight controls, during the landing roll, the airplane veered to the left and the instructor took the flight controls. He added full power, reduced flaps, and the airplane continued to veer left. The airplane exited the runway to the left, impacted a ditch, the nose landing gear collapsed, and the airplane came to rest inverted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. The instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The instructor reported that the wind was from 170° at 8 knots. The automated weather observation station located on the airport reported that, about 15 minutes after the accident, the wind was from 140° at 4 knots. The pilot landed the airplane on runway 19. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N4642J](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N4642J-2019-05-20), registration cancelled 2019-05-20, S/N 17273658, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172 (N) - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17273658 - Year built: 1979 - Airframe hours: 14880 - Engines: Lycoming O-320 SERIES 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: CAG Aircraft Holdings LLC - Registered owner: CAG Aircraft Holdings LLC - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, October 3, 2018 - Departed: CGC, Crystal River, FL - Destination: INF, Inverness, FL - Airport: INF, Inverness, runway 19, 5,001 × 75 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Unknown ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 62; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine sea, multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review January 25, 2017; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 3,776 total, 74 in this make and model, 9.6 in the last 90 days, 9.6 in the last 30 days, 1.2 in the last 24 hours - Flight instructor; age 53; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review September 7, 2017; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 2,000 total, 1,800 in this make and model, 1,800 as pilot in command, 59 in the last 90 days, 7 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 140° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Temperature: 88 °F, dew point 68 °F - Altimeter: 29.98 inHg - Observed at: KINF, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20181112021719A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20181112021719A), Nov 12, 2018: Cessna 172N, Inverness, FL, Substantial damage. On November 12, 2018, at 1400 EST a 1979 Cessna, model 172N, N4642J that is registered to cag aircraft holdings, LLC, ran off the runway after touchdown and… ## Other investigations on N4642J (3) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB DEN02LA025](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN02LA025), Feb 17, 2002: Cessna 172N (N4642J), Durango, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: the pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll. Contributing factors were the crosswind and the pilot's fatigue from lack of sleep. - [NTSB DEN00LA129](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN00LA129), Jun 30, 2000: Cessna 172N (N4642J), Durango, CO, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot prematurely flaring the airplane for landing, resulting in a hard landing, followed by an inadvertent pilot-induced porpoise and loss of directional control. A factor was the fence. - [NTSB DEN82DA164](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/DEN82DA164), Aug 16, 1982: Cessna 172N (N4642J), Durango, CO, substantial damage ## Docket (3 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 11, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98703. 1.9 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 533 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470972&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Pilot's Statement (item 2, .PDF, 132 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470973&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%27s%20Statement-Master.PDF - Accident Photo (item 3, .PDF, 1 photo, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40470974&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.