# NTSB GAA19CA094: Cirrus SR22, N82SN, Greenville, SC, November 23, 2018 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: November 23, 2018, 18:20 local (23:20 UTC) - Place: Greenville, SC - Coordinates: 34.848056, -82.349998 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=34.8481&lon=-82.3500&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 3, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 98758 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA094 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/98758/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98758 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA094 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper landing flare with a gusting, right quartering headwind, which resulted in a hard landing. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: landing flare](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR22T, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md?model=2130004), [All aircraft, 1,285 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062041/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR22T, 19 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2130004), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Wind: gusts](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045): Environmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR22T, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md?model=2130004), [All aircraft, 1,199 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03034045/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Hard landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092) (defining event); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR22T, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md?model=2130004), [All aircraft, 2,102 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/092/sequence.md) - [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR22T, 11 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=2130004), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Cirrus Design SR22T, 13 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=2130004), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot reported that, during a night landing, he flared too high, and the airplane descended and landed hard. The airplane exited the runway, but the pilot was able to maneuver the airplane back onto the runway without further incident. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left-wing rib. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The pilot reported that, during a night landing, he flared too high and the airplane descended and landed hard. The airplane exited the runway, but the pilot was able to control the airplane back on the runway without further incident. According to the FAA, airplane sustained substantial damage to the left-wing rib. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The automated weather observation station located on the airport reported that, about 20 minutes after the accident, the wind was 050° at 14 knots, gusting up to 19 knots, with light rain. The airplane landed on runway 01. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N82SN](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N82SN), registered now, S/N 0859, built 2014 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cirrus SR22 (T) - Registry model: [Cirrus Design SR22T](https://openairdocs.org/model/cirrus-design-sr22t) (registry code 2130004) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental TSIO-550-K](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-tsio-550-k) (registry code 17410, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 0859 - Year built: 2014 - Engines: Continental TSIO-550-K reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Scs Aero Llc - Registered owner: Scs Aero Llc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: ANQ, Angola, IN - Destination: GMU, Greenville, SC - Airport: GMU, Greenville Downtown, runway 01, 5,393 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Angle of attack indicator, Auto-pilot, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Electronic multifunction display, Electronic primary flight display, Handheld GPS, Stall warning system, Airframe parachute, ADS-B ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 70; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, with waivers/limitations; last flight review February 22, 2018; seat: left; flight hours: 1,003 total, 180 in this make and model, 944 as pilot in command, 30 in the last 90 days, 11 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Dusk - Wind: 50° at 14 knots, gusting 19 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 5,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 41 °F, dew point 28 °F - Altimeter: 30.23 inHg - Observed at: KGMU ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20181123022829A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20181123022829A), Nov 23, 2018: Cirrus Design Corp SR22T, Greenville, SC, Substantial damage. Greenville, SC (gmu): N82SN, SR22, made a hard landing after catching a wind gust, lost control and rolled off the runway into the grass. Aircraft was able to… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 30, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=98758. 1.1 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 1.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40479505&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation (item 2, .PDF, 94 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40479506&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.