# NTSB GAA19CA228: Bellanca 7GCAA, N5046E, Lincoln, CA, April 28, 2019 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: April 28, 2019, 11:30 local (18:30 UTC) - Place: Lincoln, CA - Coordinates: 38.909168, -121.351387 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=38.9092&lon=-121.3514&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 20, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 99335 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA228 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/99335/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99335 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA228 ## Probable cause The pilot receiving instruction's failure to maintain directional control during landing, which resulted in an attempted go-around and collision with a trench, and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action during the landing. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Action: delayed action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 894 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md) - [Terrain: rough terrain](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021015): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021015/cases.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 442 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03021015/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230) (defining event); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Bellanca 7GCAA, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=1220501), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot, who was receiving tailwheel instruction, reported that, following a three-point landing, he raised the tail to initiate a go-around, but the wind shifted from a left quartering headwind to a left quartering tailwind. The airplane veered left. and the pilot added right rudder and aileron to correct. The airplane continued to veer left and then exited the runway onto tall grass and rough terrain. The instructor took the flight controls and aborted the go-around, and the left wing and elevator impacted the far side of a trench. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing and elevator. The instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The airport's automated weather observation station reported that, about 5 minutes before the accident, the wind was from 240° at 3 knots and that, about 35 minutes after the accident, the wind was calm. The pilot landed the airplane on runway 15. ## Factual narrative Following a 3-point landing, the pilot receiving tailwheel instruction raised the tail to initiate a go around, but the wind shifted from a left quartering headwind to a left quartering tailwind. The airplane veered left and the pilot added right rudder and aileron to correct. The airplane continued to veer left, exited the runway, and came upon "tall grass and very rough terrain." The instructor took the flight controls, aborted the go around, and the left wing and elevator impacted the far side of the "trench." The airplane sustained substantial damaged to the left wing and elevator. The flight instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The automated weather observation station located on the airport reported that, about 5 minutes before the accident, the wind was from 240° at 3 knots. The same automated station reported that, about 35 minutes after the accident, the wind was calm. The flight instructor landed the airplane on runway 15. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N5046E](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N5046E-2020-09-18), registration cancelled 2020-09-18, S/N 380-79, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: BELLANCA 7GCAA - Registry model: [Bellanca 7GCAA](https://openairdocs.org/model/bellanca-7gcaa) (registry code 1220501) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 380-79 - Year built: 1979 - Airframe hours: 5500 - Engines: Lycoming O-320 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Mach 5 Aviation, Inc - Registered owner: Fox Two Llc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, July 12, 2018 - Departed: KAUN, Auburn, CA - Destination: LHM, Lincoln, CA - Airport: LHM, Lincoln Rgnl/Karl Harder Field, runway 15, 6,001 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: None ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 26; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; last flight review October 14, 2018; seat: front; flight hours: 350 total, 12 in this make and model, 300 as pilot in command, 25 in the last 90 days, 12 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours - Flight instructor; age 56; injuries: none; airline transport, commercial, military, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea, multi-engine land; medical: class 1, without waivers/limitations; seat: rear; flight hours: 9,000 total, 32 in this make and model, 8,500 as pilot in command, 70 in the last 90 days, 20 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 66 °F, dew point 50 °F - Altimeter: 29.84 inHg - Observed at: KLHM ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20190428011449A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20190428011449A), Apr 28, 2019: Bellanca 7GCAA, Lincoln, CA, Substantial damage. The PIC was receiving instruction in the front seat and the instructor was in the back seat. The PIC has "significant tail-wheel experience" in a Piper cub… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 15, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99335. 1.0 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 848 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40472925&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Accident Photo (item 2, .PDF, 1 photo, 171 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40472926&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.