# NTSB GAA19CA246: Cessna 182, N96974, Marion, IN, May 5, 2019 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: May 5, 2019, 17:12 local (21:12 UTC) - Place: Marion, IN - Coordinates: 40.486946, -85.683609 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.4869&lon=-85.6836&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Approach-VFR go-around: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 2 minor, 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 3, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 99384 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA246 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/99384/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99384 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA246 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper trim setting and his exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack during a go-around, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: angle of attack](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceeded (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 4 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 990 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md) - [Flight control system: elevator tab control system](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022731): Aircraft › Aircraft systems · Incorrect use/operation (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022731/cases.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 37 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01022731/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 34 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Approach-VFR go-around: Miscellaneous/other](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900/sequence.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 1,556 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/900/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR go-around: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 1,529 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR go-around: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Approach-VFR go-around: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 28 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot reported that, during landing, the airplane landed hard and bounced. He decided to go around, so he added full power, but the nose pitched up sharply. He added that he attempted to lower the nose, but the airspeed decreased, and the airplane "lost lift on [the] right side." He pushed forward on the control yoke, but the airplane drifted right, the right wing aerodynamically stalled, and the airplane impacted the ground next to a taxiway and spun around. A passenger saw a fire in front of the firewall, and all occupants exited the airplane. The airplane was destroyed by postaccident fire. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector reported that the pilot stated he used nose-up trim during the approach. The pilot also stated that, during the go-around, he attempted to use the electric trim to trim nose down. When the airplane nosed up, the pilot attempted to lower the nose but hesitated due to the airplane being near the ground, and he retracted the flaps. The FAA inspector examined the airplane and found that the trim setting was "just short of full nose up trim." ## Factual narrative The pilot reported that, during landing, the airplane landed hard and bounced. He decided to go around, so he added full power, but the nose pitched up sharply. He attempted to lower the nose, but the airspeed decreased and he "lost lift on [the] right side". He pushed forward on the control yoke, but the airplane drifted right, the right wing aerodynamically stalled, the airplane impacted the ground next to a taxiway, and spun around. A passenger observed a fire in front of the firewall and all occupants exited the airplane. The airplane was consumed by a postaccident fire and was destroyed. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector reported that the pilot stated he used nose up trim during approach. The pilot added to the FAA inspector that, during the go around, he attempted to use the electric trim to trim nose down. When the airplane nosed up, the pilot attempted to lower the nose, but hesitated due to the close ground proximity and he retracted the flaps. The FAA inspector examined the airplane and observed that the trim setting was "just short of full nose up trim." The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N96974](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N96974-2019-06-20), registration cancelled 2019-06-20, S/N 18266920, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 182 (Q) - Registry model: [Cessna 182Q](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182q) (registry code 2072732) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18266920 - Year built: 1979 - Airframe hours: 3073.2 - Engines: Continental O-470 SERIES 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, June 29, 2018 - Departed: RCR, Rochester, IN - Destination: MZZ, Marion, IN - Airport: MZZ, Marion Muni, runway 04, 6,011 × 100 ft, asphalt - Equipment: Unknown ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 56; injuries: minor; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: basicmed; last flight review September 20, 2018; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 1,880 total, 1,840 in this make and model, 1,800 as pilot in command, 7 in the last 90 days, 4 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 7 statute miles - Temperature: 68 °F, dew point 48 °F - Altimeter: 29.87 inHg - Observed at: KMZZ ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20190505003969A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20190505003969A), May 5, 2019: Cessna 182Q, Marion, IN, Destroyed. On may 5, 2019 at 1712 eastern daylight time (EDT) a Cessna 182Q, N96974 crashed while attempting a ?go around? At the Marion Indiana (mzz) airport. The… ## Docket (3 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 23, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99384. 1.6 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 398 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473099&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - FAA Inspector Notes (item 2, .PDF, 59 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473100&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=FAA%20Inspector%20Notes-Master.PDF - Accident Photo (item 3, .PDF, 1 photo, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473101&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.