# NTSB GAA19CA271: Ayres S 2R, N5675X, Stuttgart, AR, May 17, 2019 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: May 17, 2019, 13:30 local (18:30 UTC) - Place: Stuttgart, AR - Coordinates: 34.597499, -91.574996 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=34.5975&lon=-91.5750&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 3, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 99454 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA271 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/99454/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99454 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA271 ## Probable cause The pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack while maneuvering during an agricultural application flight, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Performance/control parameters: angle of attack](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceeded (probable cause); cases with it: [Ayres S-2R, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md?model=0970101), [All aircraft, 990 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062042/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Ayres S-2R, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=0970101), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Other weather encounter](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/400); cases with it: [Ayres S-2R, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/400/sequence.md?model=0970101), [All aircraft, 1,127 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/400/sequence.md) - [Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Aerodynamic stall/spin](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241) (defining event); cases with it: [Ayres S-2R, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md?model=0970101), [All aircraft, 1,529 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/241/sequence.md) - [Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Attempted remediation/recovery](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060); cases with it: [Ayres S-2R, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md?model=0970101), [All aircraft, 1,422 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/060/sequence.md) - [Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Ayres S-2R, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=0970101), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) - [Landing: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [Ayres S-2R, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=0970101), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot reported that, while turning the airplane after finishing a fertilizer application, the "wind was under the wing pushing [the airplane]." He tried to "pull the aircraft out of the turn," but it aerodynamically stalled. He returned the stick to neutral, and while regaining control, the left main landing gear (MLG) and wingtip struck the ground, which caused the landing gear to bend underneath the wing. The airplane bounced, and the pilot decided to return to the departure airport. During landing, he attempted to keep the left MLG off the ground as long as possible, but the left wing impacted the ground, and the airplane exited the runway to the left. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The pilot of the agricultural application airplane reported that, while turning after finishing a fertilizer run, the "wind was under the wing pushing [him]." He tried to "pull the aircraft out of the turn", but the airplane aerodynamically stalled. He returned the stick to neutral, and while regaining control, the left main landing gear and wing tip struck the ground, which caused the landing gear to bend underneath the wing. The airplane bounced back into the air and the pilot decided to return to the departure airport. During landing on an abandoned runway, he attempted to keep the left main landing gear off the ground as long as possible, until the left wing impacted the ground and the airplane exited the runway to the left. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N5675X](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N5675X-2020-08-14), registration cancelled 2020-08-14, S/N 2402R, built 1977 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Ayres S 2R (Undesignat) - Registry model: [Ayres S-2R](https://openairdocs.org/model/ayres-s-2r) (registry code 0970101) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Pratt & Whitney R1340 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/pratt-whitney-r1340-series) (registry code 52016, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 2402R - Year built: 1977 - Airframe hours: 8586.44 - Engines: Pratt & Whitney R1340-AN1 600 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Aerial application, Part 137 - Operator: Farmers Aerial Seeders - Registered owner: Farmers Aerial Seeders - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Restricted (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, April 22, 2019 - Departed: SGT, Stuttgart, AR - Destination: SGT, Stuttgart, AR - Airport: SGT, Stuttgart Municipal Carl Humph - Equipment: None ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 26; injuries: none; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, without waivers/limitations; last flight review February 1, 2019; seat: single; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 540.2 total, 14 in this make and model, 462.7 as pilot in command, 7.5 in the last 90 days, 4 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 170° at 17 knots, gusting 21 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Temperature: 88 °F, dew point 63 °F - Altimeter: 29.93 inHg - Observed at: SGT ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20190517004769A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20190517004769A), May 17, 2019: Ayres Corporation S-2R, Stuttgart, AR, Substantial damage. On 17MAY2019 an 1977 ayers S-2R registered to farmers aerial seeders was spreading solid fertilizer in slovak Arkansas. Maneuvering out of the 2nd pass and… ## Other investigations on N5675X (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB MKC84LA152](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC84LA152), May 28, 1984: Ayres S2R (N5675X), Wilmot, AR, substantial damage ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 5, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99454. 5.0 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 4.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473275&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Accident Photo (item 2, .PDF, 1 photo, 1.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40473276&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.