# NTSB GAA19CA423: Cessna 182, N4876N, Salmon, ID, July 16, 2019 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: July 16, 2019, 08:00 local (14:00 UTC) - Place: Salmon, ID - Coordinates: 44.968055, -114.73278 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=44.9681&lon=-114.7328&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Loss of visual reference](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/402) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report February 11, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 99860 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA423 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/99860/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99860 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA423 ## Probable cause The pilot's delayed decision to abort the landing on a wet grass runway and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action. Contributing to the accident was the wet runway which degraded braking. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Info processing/decision: identification/recognition](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041510): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041510/cases.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 559 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041510/cases.md) - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 34 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Action: delayed action](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025): Personnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 3 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 894 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02041025/cases.md) - [Object/animal/substance: fence/fence post](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022047): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on equipment; cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 5 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022047/cases.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 313 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03022047/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing-landing roll: Loss of visual reference](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/402) (defining event); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/402/sequence.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 242 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/402/sequence.md) - [Landing-aborted after touchdown: Collision with terr/obj (non-CFIT) ](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 28 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 10,189 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/470/sequence.md) - [Landing-aborted after touchdown: Part(s) separation from AC](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/338); cases with it: [Cessna 182Q, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/338/sequence.md?model=2072732), [All aircraft, 563 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/338/sequence.md) ## Analysis The pilot receiving instruction reported that, during a landing on a high altitude, grass runway, sprinklers "doused the windscreen to the point we really couldn't see." He applied the brakes, but they were "ineffective" and the airplane slid and was not decelerating, he elected to abort the landing. During the go around, the airplane impacted the perimeter fence at the end of the runway and shortly after "scraped the top of a ridge." The airplane was able to maintain flight and landed at a nearby airstrip without further incident. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage and horizontal stabilizer. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The pilot receiving instruction reported that, during a landing on a high altitude, grass runway, sprinklers "doused the windscreen to the point we really couldn't see." He applied the brakes, but they were "ineffective" and the airplane slid and was not decelerating, he elected to abort the landing. During the go around, the airplane impacted the perimeter fence at the end of the runway and shortly after "scraped the top of a ridge." The airplane was able to maintain flight and landed at a nearby airstrip without further incident. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage and horizontal stabilizer. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N4876N](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N4876N-2020-08-14), registration cancelled 2020-08-14, S/N 18267429, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 182 (Q) - Registry model: [Cessna 182Q](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182q) (registry code 2072732) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18267429 - Year built: 1979 - Airframe hours: 3776.6 - Engines: Continental O-470-U 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, August 17, 2018 - Departed: EUL, Caldwell, ID - Destination: EUL, Caldwell, ID - Airport: 12ID, Flying B Ranch Landing Strip, runway N, 2,000 × 100 ft, grass/turf - Equipment: Electronic primary flight display, Handheld GPS, Stall warning system, Video recording device, ADS-B, Auto-pilot, Electronic multifunction display ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 69; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: basicmed, without waivers/limitations; last flight review January 2, 2019; seat: left; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 1,194.4 total, 229.1 in this make and model, 1,094.9 as pilot in command - Flight instructor; age 72; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, with waivers/limitations; last flight review December 21, 2017; seat: right; restraint: 3-point; flight hours: 3,631 total, 1,202 in this make and model, 3,587 as pilot in command, 86 in the last 90 days, 33.4 in the last 30 days, 1.6 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 55 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 30.07 inHg - Observed at: KSMN, 37 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20190716011889A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20190716011889A), Jul 16, 2019: Cessna 182Q, Salmon, ID, Substantial damage. During an instructional flight and a third attempt to land at the flying b ranch (ID-12) the pilot elected to land on runway 34. During touchdown, his aircraft… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 25, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=99860. 2.4 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 2.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40476281&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Accident Photos (item 2, .PDF, 387 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40476282&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Accident%20Photos-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.