# NTSB GAA19CA510: American Legend AL3C, N173JE, Waco, TX, August 24, 2019 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: August 24, 2019, 12:00 local (17:00 UTC) - Place: Waco, TX - Coordinates: 31.404167, -97.214447 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=31.4042&lon=-97.2144&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Defining event: [Landing-landing roll: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 17, 2020 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB office: General Aviation Accidents - Parties: FAA - NTSB case key (mKey): 100140 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=GAA19CA510 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/100140/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=100140 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/GAA19CA510 ## Probable cause The student pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll, which resulted in a runway excursion and noseover. ## Findings NTSB's coded findings; those marked are part of the probable cause. - [Use of equip/info: aircraft control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040): Personnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilot (probable cause); cases with it: [American Legend AL3C-100, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md?model=0600009), [All aircraft, 9,295 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/02063040/cases.md) - [Performance/control parameters: directional control](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020): Aircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintained (probable cause); cases with it: [American Legend AL3C-100, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md?model=0600009), [All aircraft, 3,958 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/01062020/cases.md) - [Runway/land/takeoff/taxi surface: soft surface](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023020): Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operation (probable cause); cases with it: [American Legend AL3C-100, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023020/cases.md?model=0600009), [All aircraft, 264 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-findings/03023020/cases.md) ## Sequence of events The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event best describes what happened. - [Landing: Loss of control on ground](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230); cases with it: [American Legend AL3C-100, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md?model=0600009), [All aircraft, 4,585 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/230/sequence.md) - [Landing: Runway excursion](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300); cases with it: [American Legend AL3C-100, 1 case](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md?model=0600009), [All aircraft, 3,643 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/300/sequence.md) - [Landing-landing roll: Nose over/nose down](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096) (defining event); cases with it: [American Legend AL3C-100, 2 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md?model=0600009), [All aircraft, 2,287 cases](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-events/096/sequence.md) ## Analysis The flight instructor reported that the student pilot had touched down on his fourth landing of the training flight. During the landing roll, the student overcontrolled the rudder, and the airplane veered left, and he then overcorrected to the right. The instructor took the flight controls and applied left rudder and left brake, but the airplane exited the right side of the runway, sank into soft dirt, and nosed over. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the rudder and left wing lift strut. The instructor reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Factual narrative The flight instructor in the back seat of the tailwheel-equipped airplane reported that, the student pilot in the front seat had touched down on his fourth landing of the training flight. During the landing roll, the student over-controlled the rudder and the airplane veered left, and then overcorrected to the right. The instructor came onto the flight controls and applied left rudder and left brake to control the airplane back to the left. However, the airplane exited the right side of the runway and sank into the soft dirt and nosed over. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the rudder and the left wing lift-strut. The flight instructor reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N173JE](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N173JE), registered now, S/N AL-1025 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: AMERICAN LEGEND AIRCRAFT CO AL3C (100) - Registry model: [American Legend AL3C-100](https://openairdocs.org/model/american-legend-al3c-100) (registry code 0600009) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: AL-1025 - Airframe hours: 617 - Engines: Lycoming O-200 100 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Unknown - Last inspection: Condition, May 28, 2019 - Departed: 3T8, Waco, TX - Destination: 3T8, Waco, TX - Airport: 3T8, Wildcat Canyon, runway 15, 2,450 × 60 ft, grass/turf - Equipment: Handheld GPS ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Flight instructor; age 43; injuries: none; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; last flight review June 28, 2019; seat: rear; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 1,059 total, 684 in this make and model, 990 as pilot in command, 199 in the last 90 days, 74 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours - Student pilot; age 16; injuries: none; student; seat: front; restraint: 4-point; flight hours: 9 total, 9 in this make and model, 9 in the last 90 days, 5 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 200° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Temperature: 86 °F, dew point 73 °F - Altimeter: 29.94 inHg - Observed at: KACT, 8 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20190824023509A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20190824023509A), Aug 24, 2019: American Legend Aircraft Co AL3C-100, China Spring, TX, Substantial damage. Based on ntx fso investigation, on 08/24/2019 the pilot/cfi while providing flight instruction from act-waco TX to 3T8-China springs TX in aircraft N173JE… ## Docket (2 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 10, 2019, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=100140. 3.9 MB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 3.8 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40478911&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Photo (item 2, .PDF, 128 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40478912&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.