# NTSB IAD96LA142: Schweizer SGS-1-26E, N1142S, Elmira, NY, September 1, 1996 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: September 1, 1996, 10:00 local (14:00 UTC) - Place: Elmira, NY - Location: 42.1209° N, 76.9011° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at HARRIS HILL (4NY8), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=42.1209&lon=-76.9011&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Serious injuries - Injuries: 1 serious - Status: Completed, report March 31, 1998 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 28104 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=IAD96LA142 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/28104/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD96LA142 ## Probable cause the pilot's failure to maintain adequate altitude and airspeed during the landing approach, resulting in a stall/spin and subsequent encounter with an embankment. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, approach - altitude - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - airspeed - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - stall/spin - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause) - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - terrain condition - drop-off/descending embankment ## Analysis The pilot reported that she had made two successful landings in the glider, and was on the third solo flight. According to the pilot, she was planning to land on runway 16, but decided at the last minute to change runways. She stated that the altitude and airspeed was inadequate to complete the landing on the new runway. She reported that she skidded the glider with the rudder to avoid banking too steeply and the combination initiated a stall and spin to the left. According to an FAA inspector, this was the pilot's third flight in this glider. The pilot reported that there was no mechanical malfunction, and the accident could have been prevented if she maintained a proper pattern airspeed, not change runways at the last minute, and not use a forward slip too low on final approach with the spoilers closed. ## Factual narrative On September 1, 1996, at about 1409 eastern daylight time (EDT), N1142S, a Schweizer SGS-1-26E glider, overshot runway 17 during landing at Harris Hill Airport, in Elmira, New York. The student pilot, the sole occupant, was seriously injured. The airplane sustained substantial damage. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a flight plan was not filed. The local, instructional flight was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91, and originated from Elmira, New York, at 1320 EDT. The pilot reported that she completed two successful landings and this was her third solo flight. She said, "...started my landing approach to runway 16 at Harris Hill with the idea of using a slip to lose altitude, if possible. On final I initiated a slip with the spoilers closed so I would not be too low. I then realized I was too low for a slip, but in terminating I ballooned and became concerned with completing successful landing on 16 due to being too high. I then decided to extend my glide path and turn East to land on Harris Hill's auxiliary runway located at the South end of the field. However, my altitude and airspeed were both too low to complete this maneuver...I skidded the glider with the rudder to avoid banking too steeply and this in combination with my low airspeed initiated a stall and spin to the left... ." According to a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Safety Inspector, this was the pilot's third flight in this glider. The glider overshot the runway and slid down an embankment. The pilot stated that "there was no mechanical malfunction and the accident could have been prevented if she had maintained the proper pattern airspeed, flying coordinated at low airspeeds close to the ground, not changing runways at the last minute, and not using a forward slip too low on final with spoilers closed". ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1142S](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N1142S), registered now, S/N 522, built 1972 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Schweizer SGS-1-26E - Registry model: [Schweizer SGS 1-26E](https://openairdocs.org/model/schweizer-sgs-1-26e) (registry code 8050124) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [NONE](https://openairdocs.org/engine/none) (registry code 00000, none) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Glider - Serial number: 522 - Airframe hours: 351 - Engines: unknown - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Harris Hill Soaring Corp., - Registered owner: Dorianne E Riggs - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, November 17, 1995, 38 hours before - Departed: 4NY8, NY - Airport: 4NY8, Harris Hill, runway 16, 1,700 × 200 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 59; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: front; flight hours: 137 total, 2 in this make and model, 6 as pilot in command, 20 in the last 90 days, 16 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 360° at 5 knots - Visibility: 6 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 55 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19960901046609A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19960901046609A), Sep 1, 1996: Scwzer SGS126E, Elmira, NY, Substantial damage. (4) Pilot not familiar with new aircraft. Failed to realize characteristics of aircraft. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.