# NTSB IAD98FA037: Cessna 152, N67893, West Mifflin, PA, March 15, 1998 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: March 15, 1998, 09:40 local (14:40 UTC) - Place: West Mifflin, PA - Coordinates: 40.359035, -79.900871 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.3590&lon=-79.9009&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report June 22, 2000 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 28247 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=IAD98FA037 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/28247/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/IAD98FA037 ## Probable cause The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed, which resulted in an inadvertent stall/spin. A related factor was the pilot's impairment due to the use of drugs. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, descent - airspeed - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - stall/spin - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause) - impairment(drugs), pilot in command (contributing factor) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled - terrain condition - ground ## Analysis The student pilot was in the traffic pattern practicing touch and go landings and had completed one landing. The airplane was on the downwind leg for the second landing when the control tower lost radio contact with the pilot. The pilot of another airplane in the traffic pattern located the accident airplane at the point where the pilot would turn from the downwind leg to the base leg. A witness, near the accident site, said he saw a small airplane in a 'straight down dive.' The airplane impacted the ground in a near vertical position and came to rest inverted. Postaccident examination of the airplane did not disclose any structural or mechanical anomalies. Toxicological tests of the pilot revealed 0.015 (ug/ml, ug/g) diphenhydramine in blood, 0.012 (ug/ml, ug/g) doxylamine in blood, and unquantified levels of trimethoprim, pseudoephedrine and phenylpropanolamine in blood. Diphenhydramine and doxylamine are sedating over-the-counter antihistamines, and the levels detected in blood indicate they may have been used by the pilot more than 24 hours before the accident flight. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant, phenylpropanolamine is a metabolite of pseudoephedrine, and trimethoprim is a prescription antibiotic. In the Code of Federal Regulations, 14 CFR 91.17, it states: 'No person may act or attempt to act as a crewmember of a civil aircraft...While using any drug that affects the person's faculties in any way contrary to safety... .' ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On March 15, 1998, at 0940 eastern standard time, a Cessna 152, N67893, was destroyed when it descended and collided with terrain while turning from downwind to the base leg at the Allegheny County Airport, West Mifflin, Pennsylvania. The student pilot was fatally injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a flight plan was not filed. The local, solo, instructional flight was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. According to recorded radio transmissions between the pilot and Air Traffic Control, the pilot radioed Air Traffic Control (ATC) and requested to taxi to the active runway. ATC cleared the pilot to taxi to runway 31. The pilot acknowledged the transmission, and requested directions to the runway. ATC provided progressive taxi directions to the pilot. The pilot was cleared for takeoff, and he completed one touch and go landing. The airplane was on the downwind leg, when the controller lost radar and radio communication with the airplane. The controller radioed the pilot several times, but there were no further radio transmissions with the accident airplane. The controller requested another airplane in the traffic pattern to look for the airplane. The other airplane in the traffic pattern located the accident airplane at the point where the airplane would turn onto the base leg. There were several witnesses who observed the airplane overfly at a low altitude. A witness on a pistol range reported that he saw a small airplane flying slow and low, then banking left, and disappearing out of sight. He said it reminded him of a "blimp", and that the engine was not running. He said he did not have his ear protection on at the time he saw the airplane. Another witness driving home near the accident site, said he saw a small airplane in a "straight down dive". He said he watched it for about 2 seconds hoping that it would pull up. The airplane impacted the ground in a near vertical position, and came to rest within the dimensions of the airplane. The accident occurred during the hours of daylight approximately 40 degrees, 19 minutes north latitude, and 79 degrees, 55 minutes west longitude. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot held a student pilot certificate. According to his log book, he had accumulated over 82 hours of total flight experience, all in make and model. He had over 9 hours of pilot in command time, and his last recorded solo flight was on March 1, 1998. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION The 0945 surface weather observation for Allegheny County Airport, about 1 1/2 miles south of the accident site was as follows: Ceiling 3,000 broken; visibility, 10 miles; temperature, 30 degrees Fahrenheit (F); dew point, 20F; wind condition, 360 degrees at 10 knots; and altimeter, 30.33 inches Hg. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The airplane wreckage was examined at the accident site on March 15, 1998. The examination revealed that all major components of the airplane were accounted for at the scene, and that the airplane came to rest inverted, on an approximate magnetic heading of 230 degrees. The examination revealed green glass at the initial impact point (IIP). The green glass was similar in color to the position light on the right wing tip. There were ground scars along the wreckage path near the IIP. These scars matched the right wing leading edge. The engine impacted the ground, 10 feet from the IIP, and the airplane wreckage came to rest inverted 20 feet from the IIP. The elevator penetrated the right wing. Both wings exhibited forward to rear crushing on the leading edges. The screw jack for the wing flap was retracted. According to the Cessna Investigator this corresponded to a flaps up position. All flight control surfaces were accounted for at the site, and control continuity was established to the ailerons, elevator and rudder. The propeller remained attached to the engine. Both blades exhibited chord wise twisting and numerous scratches. The engine was removed and examined in a hangar at the Rostraver Airport, on March 17, 1998. The examination was conducted by an NTSB investigator. Maintenance personnel from Rostraver assisted the investigator. The engine was generally intact. All the accessories were separated. The cylinders were attached and secured to the crankcase. There was no evidence of uncontained internal engine components. The propeller was manually rotated which resulted in the operation of the cylinder valves. Thumb compression was obtained on all cylinders. The right magneto was destroyed. The left magneto was rotated by hand and its sparking capability was confirmed on one lead. The carburetor separated from the engine during the impact sequence. The finger screen in the carburetor was clean. The flight instruments were destroyed. Examination of the airplane did not disclose any evidence of mechanical malfunction. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION An autopsy was conducted on the pilot, on March 16, 1998, by the Allegheny County Medical Examiner's Office, 542 Fourth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Toxicological testing was conducted on the pilot by the FAA Toxicology Accident Research Laboratory, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on June 9, 1998. The toxicological report was negative for alcohol and positive for drugs. The report stated: Diphenhydramine detected in Urine 0.015 (ug/ml, ug/g) Diphenhydramine detected in Blood Doxylamine detected in Urine 0.012 (ug/ml, ug/g) Doxylamine detected in Blood Trimethoprim detected in Urine Trimethoprim detected in Blood Pseudoephedrine detected in Urine Pseudoephedrine detected in Blood Phenylpropanolamine detected in Urine Phenylpropanolamine detected in Blood In the Code of Federal Regulations, 14 CFR 91.17, it stated, "No person may act or attempt to act as a crewmember of a civil aircraft...While using any drug that affects the person's faculties in any way contrary to safety... ." ADDITIONAL INFORMATION The airplane wreckage was released on March 16, 1998, to Al Fiedler, a representative of the owner's insurance company. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N67893](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N67893-2000-05-23), registration cancelled 2000-05-23, S/N 15282080 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 152 - Registry model: [Cessna 152](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-152) (registry code 2071835) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 15282080 - Airframe hours: 5009 - Engines: Lycoming O-235-L2C 110 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: O.T. Aviation - Registered owner: William J Koslosky - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, November 17, 1997, 64 hours before - Departed: AGC, PA - Airport: AGC, Allegheny County, runway 31, 3,824 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 20; student; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 82 total, 82 in this make and model, 9 as pilot in command, 12 in the last 90 days, 5 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 360° at 10 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 3,000 ft broken - Temperature: 30 °F, dew point 19 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: AGC, 7 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19980315003369A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19980315003369A), Mar 15, 1998: Cessna 152, Pittsburgh, PA, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Observed low and slow. Stalled. Dove into grond. (.4)the student pilot was in the traffic pattern practicing touch and go landings and had completed one… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.