# NTSB LAX01FA049: Beech BE-55-D55, N7901R, Clifton, AZ, December 1, 2000 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: November 30, 2000, 19:44 local (Dec 1, 2000, 02:44 UTC) - Place: Clifton, AZ - Coordinates: 32.960834, -109.225555 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.9608&lon=-109.2256&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal, 1 serious - Status: Completed, report November 25, 2003 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Raytheon Aircraft Corp., Federal Aviation Administration, Teledyne Continental Motors - NTSB case key (mKey): 50712 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX01FA049 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/50712/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX01FA049 ## Probable cause the pilot's improper in-flight decision to attempt a landing on an unlit runway at night, and his failure to maintain the proper glide path and clearance from obstacles while on final approach, which resulted in the collision with a utility pole. A contributing factor was his failure to divert to an airport with constant runway lighting. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with object, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - object - pole - in-flight planning/decision - improper, pilot in command (cause) - altitude/clearance - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - proper glidepath - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - not performed, pilot in command (contributing factor) ## Analysis The twin-engine airplane impacted a utility pole about 1,250 feet short of the runway while conducting an approach during dark night light conditions. A witness located at the airport observed the airplane make three attempts to land, and on the fourth, the airplane veered to the left and burst into flames. He added he had turned his vehicle lights on at the approach end of the runway so the pilot would be able to land. The same witness indicated he observed the runway lights prior to the accident when another aircraft landed earlier in the evening. The airport utilized a pilot control lighting system, which requires the pilot to key the communication radio mike seven times over the common traffic advisory frequency within 5 seconds to illuminate the runway edge lights on their highest intensity. The runway edge lights would then remain illuminated for a period of 15 minutes from the most recent time of activation. Another pilot, who utilized the airport on the day of the accident, reported no discrepancies with the lighting system 30 minutes prior to and following the accident. A postaccident examination of the communication radios could not determine which frequency the pilot had selected. The aircraft's altimeter face was located in the wreckage and was set so that it was reading approximately 150 feet higher than the aircraft's actual altitude. Another airport, located 22 miles from the accident site, utilized continuous runway lighting between sunset and sunrise. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On November 30, 2000, at 1944 mountain standard time, a Beech D55 twin-engine airplane, N7901R, was destroyed by a post impact fire after it collided with a utility pole while on final approach to the Greenlee County Airport, Clifton, Arizona. The airplane was registered to, and operated by the pilot under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91 as a personal flight. The commercial pilot sustained fatal injuries and his pilot-rated passenger received serious injuries. Night visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident, and a flight plan had not been filed. The cross-country flight departed the Show Low Municipal Airport, Show Low, Arizona, about 1845. A deputy sheriff from the Greenlee County Sheriff's Department interviewed a witness to the accident. The witness reported that he was at the airport to pickup the pilot and passenger for an Amway meeting in Clifton. The airplane made three attempts to land on runway 7. On the fourth attempt he saw the airplane veer to the left and burst into flames. He further stated that he had turned his vehicle lights on at the approach end of the runway so the pilot would be able to land. According to a supervisor at the Duncan Valley Electric Company, a power outage was noted at 1944. At 1949, the Greenlee County Sheriff's Department received a 911 emergency call indicating there had been an airplane accident at the Greenlee County Airport. The wreckage was located west of the airport, and east of a broken utility pole. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot held a commercial certificate with an airplane single engine, multiengine, and instrument ratings. He also held a flight instructor rating for single engine, multiengine, and instrument airplanes. He was issued a second-class medical certificate on September 16, 1999, with a limitation that he "must wear corrective lenses for near and distant vision." According to the pilot's last medical application, he had accumulated a total of 8,150 flight hours. According to a family representative, the pilot had accumulated a total of 7,935 hours in the same make and model as the accident airplane. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The aircraft's maintenance records were not located during the course of the investigation and were believed to be in the aircraft at the time of the accident, and destroyed by the post-impact fire. AIRPORT INFORMATION The Greenlee County Airport elevation is 3,811 feet. It utilizes one runway 7/25, which is edged with medium intensity runway lighting (MIRL). The MIRL is operated by pilot-controlled-lighting (PCL). The Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) describes the use of PCL and its recommended operation. According to the AIM, the lighting control system consists of a 3-step control responsive to 7, 5, and/or three communication radio microphone clicks. This 3-step control will turn on lighting facilities capable of either 3-step, 2-step, or 1-step operation. The 3-step and 2-step lighting facilities can be altered in intensity, while the 1-step cannot. All lighting is illuminated for a period of 15 minutes from the most recent time of activation and may not be extinguished prior to end of the 15-minute period. The AIM suggested use of PCL is to always initially key the radio mike seven times, which will assure that all controlled lights are turned on to the maximum available intensity. If desired, adjustment can then be made, where the capability is provided, to a lower intensity, by keying the mike five and/or three times. Due to the close proximity of airports using the same frequency, radio controlled lighting receivers may be set at a low sensitivity requiring the aircraft to be relatively close to activate the system. Consequently, even when lights are on, pilots are recommended to always key the radio mike as directed when overflying an airport of intended landing or just prior to entering the final segment of an approach. This will assure the aircraft is close enough to activate the system and a full 15 minutes lighting duration is available. The PCL systems may be activated by keying the radio mike (within 5 seconds) seven times for the highest intensity available, five times for medium or low intensity, or three times for lowest intensity available. The Airport/Facility Directory (AFD) indicates the Greenlee County Airports runway lighting system could be activated using the common traffic advisory frequency (CTAF) of 122.9. According to another pilot, he activated the airport's pilot controlled runway lighting two times on the day of the accident. The first time was approximately 30 minutes prior to the accident as he landed at the airport, and the second time was approximately 30 minutes after the accident as he departed. He reported that the lights worked with no discrepancies noted. According to a flight department that operates into the Greenlee County Airport, their pilots have had problems getting the PCL system to operate. According to a Greenlee Country engineer, the MIRL was installed approximately 2 years prior to the accident. No problems utilizing the lighting system had been brought to his attention within the last 2 years. The engineer and airport caretaker operated the MIRL the day after the accident, with no discrepancies noted. According to the witness who was waiting for the pilot and passenger, he noted another airplane had either landed or taken off prior to the arrival of the accident airplane and the runway lights were working. Runway 7 was 4,970 feet long and 75 feet wide and had a 1.50 percent upslope. The impacted power pole was approximately 30 feet tall and was on a 250-degree magnetic bearing from the approach end of the runway. The pole sat on the edge of a cliff that drops off into a ravine on the southwest side where the Gila River flows. The approach end of the runway rises from the ravine situated to the west of the runway and the airport sits atop a plateau. The Safety Board investigator-in-charge stood at the approach end of runway 7 and observed that the top of the power pole was situated below the runway's approach end elevation. There was no visual glideslope aid, such as a Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) or Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI), available at the airport. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION The U.S. Naval Observatory Astronomical Applications Department recorded the following sun and moon data for Clifton (Greenlee County) on the day of the accident: Sunset 1710 End of Civil Twilight 1737 Moonrise 1054 Moonset 2118 The phase of the moon on the evening of the accident was waxing crescent with 20 percent of the moon's visible disk illuminated. At 1950, the weather observation facility at the Safford Regional Airport (located 22 nautical miles west-southwest of the accident site) reported the wind as calm; visibility 10 statute miles; clear sky; temperature 9 degrees Celsius; dew point 2 degrees Celsius; and an altimeter setting of 30.10 inches of mercury. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The main wreckage was located on the west side of the airport, approximately 600 feet from the approach end of runway 7 in a flat rocky area with dry grass typical of the Arizona desert. Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates obtained at the main wreckage area were 32 degrees 57 minutes 39 seconds north latitude and 109 degrees 13 minutes 32 seconds west longitude. The airplane came to rest oriented along a 350-degree magnetic heading. The damaged utility pole was situated approximately 1,250 feet from the approach end of the runway. The utility pole was fragmented into three sections: the bottom section, which remained secured to the ground, was approximately 10 feet in length; the middle section, which was approximately 12 feet long; and the 15-foot top section, which included the T-shaped wire support and wires. The outboard win ## Aircraft - Registration: N7901R (not matched to a registry record) - Reported make and model: Beech BE-55-D55 (D55) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: TE-744 - Engines: Continental IO-520-C 285 horsepower reciprocating; Continental IO-520-C 285 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Robert G. Terrel - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: SOW, Show Low, AZ - Destination: CFT - Airport: CFT, Greenlee County, runway 7, 4,970 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 70; injuries: fatal; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review December 31, 1999; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 8,150 total, 7,935 in this make and model - Co-pilot; age 38; injuries: serious; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, expired; last flight review February 28, 1998; seat: right; flight hours: 185 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night - Wind: calm - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 54 °F, dew point 37 °F - Altimeter: 30.10 inHg - Observed at: SAD, 22 nm away From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.