# NTSB LAX03LA075: Cessna T210L, N732DK, El Monte, CA, January 25, 2003 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: January 25, 2003, 12:10 local (20:10 UTC) - Place: El Monte, CA - Location: 34.0860° N, 118.0348° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at SAN GABRIEL VALLEY (EMT), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs) - NTSB coordinates: 33.087776, -118.035835, outside the stated state - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=34.0860&lon=-118.0348&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 28, 2004 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 56400 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX03LA075 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/56400/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=56400 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX03LA075 ## Probable cause the alternator switch contact failure, which resulted in a complete electrical failure. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Airframe/component/system failure/malfunction, cruise - normal - electrical system,electric switch - failure (cause) - electrical system - failure,total (cause) - Main gear collapsed, landing - flare/touchdown - landing gear,main gear - collapsed - landing gear,gear indicating system - inoperative - gear extension - attempted, pilot in command - emergency procedure - not successful ## Analysis The airplane experienced a collapse of the right main landing gear during a precautionary landing. The pilot had just picked up the airplane from a facility after a new avionics suite had been installed. This was the first flight after completion of the work. As the flight neared the airport of intended landing, the pilot requested and received a clearance into the traffic pattern. He had just put the landing gear switch in the down position and was reaching for the flaps when the airplane lost all electrical power. The pilot reported that the power loss was sudden, and there had been no prior indications of a decreasing electrical power reserve such as dimming lights and fading or unreadable radios. The pilot circled and attempted to rectify the problem without success. He then decided to return to the airplane's home airport. As he entered the traffic pattern, the pilot and passenger visually examined the position of both the right and left main gear, which appeared to be in the down and locked position. The pilot then extended the hand pump, pumped it a few times, and felt strong resistance from the system. About 2 seconds after touchdown, the airplane shuddered, and then veered off the right side of the runway. After exiting the airplane, the pilot noticed that the right main landing gear had folded under the fuselage. A recovery crew lifted the airplane by a sling, and manually extended the right main gear into the down and locked position, where it remained during towing operations back to the pilot's hangar. The emergency section of the POH under the emergency gear extension section says to pump the hand pump until "strong resistance is felt." Without electrical power, the landing gear warning lights and horn do not work and the pilot would have to rely on a visual inspection of the main landing gear to determine if they were in the down position. Post accident inspection of the electrical system revealed that the alternator switch contact was not functioning properly. This resulted in a lack of field current and eventual complete discharge of the battery. ## Factual narrative On January 25, 2003, at 1210 Pacific standard time, a Cessna T210L, N732DK, experienced a collapse of the right main landing gear during a precautionary landing at El Monte, California. The airplane, owned and operated by the pilot under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91, sustained substantial damage. Neither the private pilot nor the pilot-rated passenger was injured. The personal cross-country flight departed from Cable Airport, Upland, California, at 1015, en route to Camarillo, California. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan had been filed. In a written statement, the pilot reported that they had just picked up the airplane from a facility at the Cable airport after it had been there for 6 weeks, getting interior and avionics work done. This was the first flight after completion of the work. After a thorough preflight and run-up, they departed for the Camarillo airport. In a telephone interview immediately following the accident, the pilot reported that he encountered no discrepancies with the electrical system while en route to Camarillo. There was no discharge indication on the ammeter, As the flight neared Camarillo, the pilot requested and received a clearance into the traffic pattern. He had just put the landing gear switch in the down position and was reaching for the flaps when the airplane lost all electrical power. The pilot reported that the power loss was sudden, and there had been no prior indications of a decreasing electrical power reserve such as dimming lights and fading or unreadable radios. The pilot circled and attempted to rectify the problem without success. He then decided to return to the El Monte airport, the airplane's base. Using a handheld VHF transceiver, the pilot notified the Camarillo tower of the problem, and then proceeded to the El Monte airport. As they entered the runway 19 traffic pattern at El Monte, the pilot and passenger visually examined the position of the main gear. Both right and left main gear appeared to be in the down and locked position. The pilot then extended the hand pump and tried to pump it a few times and felt strong resistance from the system. About 2 seconds after touchdown, the airplane shuddered and then veered right off the runway. After exiting the airplane, the pilot noticed that the right main landing gear had folded under the fuselage. A recovery crew lifted the airplane by a sling, and manually extended the right main gear into the down and locked position, where it remained during towing operations back to the pilot's hangar. In the emergency procedures section of the Pilot's Operating Handbook for the Cessna T210L, the procedure for a landing gear failure to extend reads in pertinent part, "Emergency Hand Pump -- Extend Handle and Pump (perpendicular to handle until resistance becomes heavy --- about 35 cycles)." Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspectors from the Los Angeles Flight Standards District Office examined the airplane. All electrical connections, including the battery, were tight, and they found no evidence of a short circuit. They removed the voltage regulator for functional testing. An avionics technician from Kim Davidson Aviation, Inc., examined the electrical system under the auspices of the FAA inspector on February 6, 2003. The battery and alternator functioned on a split switch. He turned the alternator on and off several times and noted fluctuations between 3 to 5 ohms in the readings. The avionics specialist stated that the contact on the alternator switch, over time, loses its function. This results in a lack of field current and eventual complete discharge of the battery. The indications of the impending failure, such as intermittent radios, are not discovered until the voltage on the battery voltage has decreased to a low level. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N732DK](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N732DK), registered now, S/N 21061432, built 1976 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna T210L - Registry model: [Cessna T210L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-t210l) (registry code 2073449) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental TSIO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-tsio-520-series) (registry code 17040, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 21061432 - Airframe hours: 3522.1 - Engines: Continental TSIO-520-H4 300 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Henry Rosenthal - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, March 1, 2002, 137 hours before - Departed: CCB, Upland, CA - Destination: CMA, Camarillo, CA - Airport: EMT, El Monte, runway 19, 3,995 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 56; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review August 21, 2002; seat: left; flight hours: 712 total, 30 in this make and model, 555 as pilot in command - Other flight crew; age 72; injuries: none; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review September 12, 1930; seat: right; flight hours: 2,040 total, 1,700 in this make and model, 2,040 as pilot in command, 17 in the last 90 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: calm - Visibility: 20 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 16,000 ft broken - Altimeter: 30.07 inHg - Observed at: EMT ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20030125010319A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030125010319A), Jan 25, 2003: Cessna T210L, El Monte, CA, Substantial damage. (-23) On jan. 25, 2003 N732DK departed cable airport en-route to camarillo. On approach to camarillo the aircraft experienced a complete electrical failure.… ## Other investigations on N732DK (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB WPR19LA165](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR19LA165), May 15, 2019: Cessna T210 (N732DK), Medford, OR, substantial damage. Probable cause: A total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation. - [NTSB CEN09CA101](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CEN09CA101), Dec 24, 2008: Cessna T210L (N732DK), Santa Fe, NM, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's decision to land in gusty crosswinds, leading to his inability to maintain directional control. Contributing to the accident were the crosswinds. ## Docket (3 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 23, 2004, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=56400. 728 KB in all. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 380 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40213020&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Master.PDF - Record of Conversation-Avionics Technician (item 2, .PDF, 53 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40207340&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Record%20of%20Conversation-Avionics%20Technician-Master.PDF - Kim Davidson, Inc. Testing (item 3, .PDF, 295 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40207361&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Kim%20Davidson,%20Inc.%20Testing-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.