# NTSB LAX03LA133: Schweizer SGS 1-34, N1169S, San Diego, CA, March 16, 2003 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: March 16, 2003, 14:20 local (22:20 UTC) - Place: San Diego, CA - Coordinates: 32.89389, -117.233329 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.8939&lon=-117.2333&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 28, 2004 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 56835 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX03LA133 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/56835/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX03LA133 ## Probable cause the pilot's misjudgment of the landing flare and descent rate. A contributing factor was the pilot's misjudged speed and distance. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - weather condition - tailwind - distance/speed - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - descent - misjudged, pilot in command (cause) - flare - improper, pilot in command (cause) ## Analysis The glider landed hard on a dirt strip, which caused damage to the fuselage, forward bulkhead, and stringers. The gliderport is a publicly owned field situated on top of a mesa along the coastline; the west boundary of the airstrip is a 400-foot sandstone cliff that drops almost vertically to the Pacific ocean. The pilot attempted to land downwind on runway 9 with a 13-knot tailwind. He noted that while turning onto the base leg, his approach was high. To counteract the lift produced by the cliff, he deployed full spoilers. Still high, the pilot put the glider into a slip configuration to lose altitude. The pilot stated that the airspeed was 48 knots. He continued to hold the full spoiler, full slip condition until he felt he had attained the appropriate altitude to make a normal landing. He neutralized the flight controls, and retained full spoiler input. The glider landed hard. The pilot stated that the combination of flying from a lift to a no lift condition, the high downwind ground speed, and the rolling terrain contributed to his misjudging the sink rate, which resulted in a hard landing. The pilot did not report any pre-impact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the glider. Winds at the time of the accident were from 230-degrees at 13 knots. ## Factual narrative On March 16, 2003, at 1420 Pacific standard time, a Schweizer SGS 1-34, N1169S, landed hard on a dirt strip at Torrey Pines Gliderport (CA84), San Diego, California. Associated Glider Clubs of Southern California, Ltd., operated the glider under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91. The commercial glider pilot, the sole occupant, was not injured; the glider sustained substantial damage. Day visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and a flight plan had not been filed. The local area flight departed CA84 about 1330. A routine aviation weather report (METAR) generated by an Automated Surface Observation System (ASOS) at Montgomery Field Airport, San Diego, California (located 7 nautical miles northwest of the accident site), indicated about 10 minutes prior to the accident winds were 230-degrees at 13 knots. The Torrey Pines Gliderport is a publicly owned field. CA84 is situated on top of the Torrey Pines Mesa, along the coastline of the Pacific Ocean. The 400-foot sandstone cliffs rise almost vertically from Black's Beach. In a written statement, the pilot reported that he departed CA84 by winch launch, into favorable meteorological conditions. After 45 minutes of uneventful flight, he decided to land. On the first pass, he decided the area was too congested with paragliders and hang-gliders, to execute a safe landing pattern. He made a second pass along the cliff in an effort to allow the traffic to clear the area. The pilot stated that he began an approach in accordance with "standard Torrey Pines procedures, heading northbound… 600 [feet] msl, 300 [feet] agl." As traffic had cleared the area, he turned west, towards the ocean, and entered the downwind. During the turn to the base leg, he noted that the glider appeared to be "slightly high for the approach." He deployed full spoilers. He noted that the full spoilers weren't providing a sufficient amount of sink to counter the lift produced by the cliff. He then applied a full slip using full right rudder and left aileron. He checked his airspeed, 48 knots; 2 knots below best glide speed. He continued to hold a full spoiler, full slip condition until he "felt" he was on the proper glide slope. The pilot then neutralized the flight controls, and retained the full spoiler input. The glider landed hard. The pilot stated he thought that the combination of flying from a lift to a no lift condition, the high downwind ground speed, and rolling terrain in the area, contributed to his misjudging the sink rate created by the full spoiler, full slip approach, which resulted in a hard landing. The glider incurred damage to the fuselage, forward bulkhead, and stringers. The pilot did not report any pre-impact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the glider. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1169S](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N1169S), registered now, S/N 69, built 1972 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Schweizer SGS 1-34 - Registry model: [Schweizer SGS 1-34](https://openairdocs.org/model/schweizer-sgs-1-34) (registry code 8050146) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [NONE](https://openairdocs.org/engine/none) (registry code 00000, none) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Glider - Serial number: 69 - Airframe hours: 3466.2 - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Associated Glider Clubs of SO CA Ltd - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, April 1, 2002, 100 hours before - Departed: CA84, SAN DIEGO, CA - Destination: CA84, SAN DIEGO, CA - Airport: CA84, Torrey Pines Gliderport, runway 09, 1,500 × 30 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 49; injuries: none; commercial; last flight review October 23, 2002; seat: center; flight hours: 162 total, 6 in this make and model, 139 as pilot in command, 11 in the last 90 days, 1 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 230° at 9 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 2,400 ft broken - Temperature: 61 °F, dew point 50 °F - Altimeter: 29.81 inHg - Observed at: SAN, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20030316004529A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030316004529A), Mar 16, 2003: Scwzer SGS134, San Diego, CA, Substantial damage. (-23) N1169S, Schweizer STS-134 glider made a hard landing at the torrey Pines glider port. Major damage to aircraft, minor injuries to sole occupant. NTSB… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.