# NTSB LAX05FA015: Learjet 35A, N30DK, San Diego, CA, October 24, 2004

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Fatal · Class 1 · Field · Final report
- Date: October 24, 2004, 00:25 local (07:25 UTC)
- Place: San Diego, CA
- Coordinates: 32.568611, -116.844444
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.5686&lon=-116.8444&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Initial climb](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: Fatal
- Injuries: 5 fatal
- Status: Completed, report May 26, 2006
- Report: Board-adopted at Board Meeting
- Investigation class: Class 1
- Parties: Med Flight Air Ambulance, Federal Aviation Administration, Honeywell, Bombardier Learjet
- NTSB case key (mKey): 60416
- NTSB case page: https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/Pages/LAX05FA015.aspx
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/60416/pdf
- Board report AAB0605 (PDF): https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAB0605.pdf
- NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=60416
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX05FA015

## Probable cause

The failure of the flight crew to maintain terrain clearance during a VFR departure, which resulted in controlled flight into terrain, and the air traffic controller's issuance of a clearance that transferred the responsibility for terrain clearance from the flight crew to the controller, failure to provide terrain clearance instructions to the flight crew, and failure to advise the flight crew of the MSAW alerts.  Contributing to the accident was the pilots' fatigue, which likely contributed to their degraded decision-making.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- In flight encounter with weather, takeoff - initial climb
  - weather condition - obscuration
  - weather condition - clouds (contributing factor)
  - light condition - dark night
- In flight collision with terrain/water, takeoff - initial climb
  - air/ground communications - not obtained, flightcrew
  - fatigue(circadian rhythm), flightcrew (contributing factor)
  - preflight planning/preparation - inadequate, flightcrew
  - atc clearance - not obtained, flightcrew
  - clearance - not maintained, flightcrew (cause)
  - atc clearance - conflicting, atc personnel(dep/apch) (cause)
  - safety advisory - not issued, atc personnel(dep/apch) (contributing factor)
  - ground proximity warning system - not installed (contributing factor)

## Analysis

The Safety Board adopted the final report of this accident investigation, including the analysis and probable cause, on May 23, 2006.  The Board's full report is available on :  http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2006/AAB0605.pdf

On October 24, 2004, about 0025 Pacific daylight time, a Learjet 35A twin-turbofan airplane, N30DK, registered to and operated by Med Flight Air Ambulance, Inc. (MFAA), collided into mountainous terrain shortly after takeoff from Brown Field Municipal Airport (SDM), near San Diego, California.  The captain, the copilot, and the three medical crewmembers received fatal injuries, and the airplane was destroyed.  The repositioning flight was operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 with an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan filed.  Night visual meteorological conditions prevailed.  The flight, which was the fourth and final leg of a trip that originated the previous day, departed SDM at 0023.

## Factual narrative

The Safety Board adopted the final report of this accident investigation, including the analysis and probable cause, on May 23, 2006.  The Board's full report is available on: http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2006/AAB0605.pdf.  The following is the FACTUAL portion of the report.

HISTORY OF FLIGHT

On October 24, 2004, about 0025 Pacific daylight time, [1] a Learjet 35A, N30DK, registered to and operated by Med Flight Air Ambulance, Inc. (MFAA), crashed into mountainous terrain shortly after takeoff from Brown Field Municipal Airport (SDM), near San Diego, California. The captain, the copilot, and the three medical crewmembers were killed, and the airplane was destroyed. The repositioning flight was operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 with an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan filed. Night visual meteorological conditions prevailed.

The accident flight was the fourth and final leg of a trip that originated the previous day. ATI Jet, Inc. (ATIJ), dispatched the airplane, the two flight crewmembers, and two of the medical crewmembers from Albuquerque International Sunport (ABQ), Albuquerque, New Mexico, about 1500 on October 23, 2004, for a repositioning flight to pick up another medical crewmember and a transport flight to pick up a medical patient in Mexico. According to MFAA personnel, repositioning flights were conducted under 14 CFR Part 91 rules, and medical patient transport flights were operated under Part 135.

On the flight's first leg, the airplane departed ABQ about 1520 and landed at El Paso International Airport (ELP), El Paso, Texas, about 1555 to pick up the third medical crewmember. On the flight's second leg, the airplane departed ELP about 1625 for Playa De Oro International Airport (MMZO), Manzanillo, Mexico, where it landed about 1825 to pick up the medical patient and one accompanying passenger. On the flight's third leg, the airplane departed MMZO about 2040 and flew to SDM, [2] where it landed about 2324 to drop off the medical patient and the passenger. The airplane was then met by U.S. Customs Service personnel and was on the ground for about 1 hour before it departed on the accident flight to return the airplane to its base at ABQ.

A review of records from the San Diego Flight Service Station (FSS) revealed that one of the flight crewmembers filed the IFR flight plan to ABQ at 0002 on October 24, 2004. The filed route of flight included an estimated 0020 departure from SDM with a cruise altitude of flight level 370 (37,000 feet pressure altitude) direct to Palm Springs, California, and then direct to ABQ. The flight plan included an estimated time en route of 1 hour 15 minutes with 3 hours of fuel on board the airplane. The flight crewmember did not request any weather information or an IFR clearance and clearance void time. [3]

The cockpit voice recorder (CVR) recording revealed that the captain and the copilot listened to the SDM automatic terminal information service (ATIS) recording; however, they listened only to the remarks portion of the recording and did not listen to the weather information. The copilot then attempted to contact "Brown Field Municipal clearance" on the radio frequency, but he received no response. The captain suggested that the copilot could try contacting the Tijuana tower. The copilot stated he could pick up the flight's clearance in the air but then stated, "I don't want to do it but…."

The copilot then tried to contact the San Diego FSS via the remote communications outlet frequency but received no reply. He next tried to contact the Tijuana tower but again received no reply. Afterward, the copilot tried to contact the San Diego FSS utilizing a different radio frequency but still received no reply. After the copilot's fourth failed attempt to obtain the IFR clearance using the radio, the captain said, "all right, let's just do VFR [visual flight rules]."

According to the operator, the flight crew had a cellular telephone and a satellite telephone on board the airplane. The CVR recording revealed no attempt by either crewmember to telephone the FSS for an IFR clearance and clearance void time.

The captain and the copilot discussed the departure. The captain stated that he wanted to depart from runway 8 to avoid flying over the city of San Diego. He also stated that a runway 8 departure would place the flight on a heading straight toward ABQ, and the copilot agreed with this statement. Neither the captain nor the copilot mentioned the mountainous terrain to the east and northeast as a consideration in deciding which runway to use for departure. The CVR recording revealed that the copilot yawned five times within 6 minutes during the departure discussion.

According to the CVR recording, the captain and the copilot performed the checklist items and set the altimeters to 29.93 inches of mercury (Hg). The copilot then asked for a briefing, to which the captain responded, "uh, let's see. will be standard callouts tonight and, if you can't punch up through a nice hole then just uh, you know, stay at a reasonably safe altitude and uh, underneath two hundred and fifty knots, and I'll do the best I can to, get somebody's attention." This statement was followed by the sound of takeoff power being set on the engines.

A review of radar data [4] revealed that the airplane departed runway 8L at 0023 and climbed on a straight-out departure. The published departure procedures for IFR aircraft [5] departing from runway 8L included a climbing left turn to a heading of 280 degrees, which was a nearly complete course reversal to avoid the mountains east and northeast of SDM.

According to air traffic control (ATC) transcripts, the captain contacted the Southern California Terminal Radar Approach Control (SCT TRACON) controller after takeoff to pick up the flight's IFR clearance. The controller told the flight crew to set the transponder to code 7372 and "ident." A review of radar data revealed that the airplane climbed to about 2,300 feet mean sea level (msl) and leveled out, and its flight track remained approximately straight out from the departure runway.

At 0024:55, the controller stated the flight was radar identified, and he instructed the flight crew to turn to a heading of 020 degrees, maintain VFR, and expect an IFR clearance above 5,000 feet msl. The captain acknowledged the heading instructions, and no further radio communication was received from the flight. A review of radar data revealed that, at the time the controller issued the instructions, the flight was about 3.5 nautical miles (nm) west of the mountains, and the heading issued by the controller resulted in a flight track that continued toward the mountains.

The last mode C [6] radar return from the flight at 0025:03 depicted the airplane about 6 nm east of SDM at an altitude of 2,300 feet msl. A review of the controller's display data recording revealed the controller's computer system issued a minimum safe altitude warning (MSAW), [7] which consisted of an aural alert and a visual alert on the controller's display, during the flight's last two mode C radar returns at 0024:59 and 0025:03. At 0025:56, the controller attempted to make radio contact with the flight but received no reply. After the controller's subsequent attempts to contact the flight crew were unsuccessful, a search and rescue operation was initiated.

The airplane wreckage was located about 8 nm east of SDM in a mountainous area southeast of Otay Mountain's highest peak. The initial impact point was at an elevation of 2,256 feet msl. The San Diego Police Department's Air Support Unit, which arrived at the site by helicopter about 20 minutes after the accident, used night vision goggles and infrared imaging to locate the wreckage. The Air Support Unit responders reported that they observed a broken-to-overcast layer of clouds near Otay Mountain while flying to the accident site and that the e

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N30DK](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N30DK-2017-06-21), registration cancelled 2017-06-21, S/N 345, built 1980 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: Learjet 35A
- Registry model: [Gates Learjet 35A](https://openairdocs.org/model/gates-learjet-35a) (registry code 5170602) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [AiResearch TFE731 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/airesearch-tfe731-series) (registry code 01518, turbo-jet) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 345
- Airframe hours: 10047.6
- Engines: Garrett TFE731-2-2B 3500 lbs thrust turbo jet; Garrett TFE731-2 3500 lbs thrust turbo jet
- Damage: Destroyed
- Fire: On-Ground
- Flight: Positioning, Part 91
- Registered owner: Med Flight Air Ambulance
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Transport
- Last inspection: AAIP, August 1, 2004, 132 hours before
- Departed: SDM, San Diego, CA
- Destination: ABQ, Albuquerque, NM
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: SDM, Brown Field Municipal Airport, runway 8L, 7,999 × 150 ft, concrete

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 56; injuries: fatal; commercial, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review August 1, 2004; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 13,000 total, 600 in this make and model
- Co-pilot; age 30; injuries: fatal; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, with waivers/limitations; last flight review August 1, 2004; seat: right; toxicology performed; flight hours: 3,000 total, 61 in this make and model

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark
- Wind: calm
- Visibility: 8 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 2,100 ft overcast
- Temperature: 57 °F, dew point 54 °F
- Altimeter: 29.93 inHg
- Observed at: SDM, 8 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 20041024028199A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20041024028199A), Oct 24, 2004: Lear 35A, San Diego, CA, Destroyed, 5 fatal. (-23) On October 24, 2004, a Lear 35, N30DK departed brown field (sdm), San Diego at 0025 hrs. He departed runway 8 and contacts socal radar stating that they…

## Docket (73 files)

The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 3, 2006, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=60416. 43.0 MB in all.

- ATC 3 - Factual Report of Group Chairman (item 1, .PDF, 93 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40225776&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Factual%20Report%20of%20Group%20Chairman-Master.PDF
- ATC 3 - Attachment 1 - Personnel Interviews (item 2, .PDF, 116 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40225777&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Attachment%201%20-%20Personnel%20Interviews-Master.PDF
- ATC 3 - Attachment 2 - ATC Transcript (item 3, .PDF, 821 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40377260&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Attachment%202%20-%20ATC%20Transcript-Redacted.PDF
- ATC 3 - Attachment 3 - Controller Personnel Statement (item 4, .PDF, 177 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40377263&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Attachment%203%20-%20Controller%20Personnel%20Statement-Redacted.PDF
- ATC 3 - Attachment 4 - FAA Form 7230-4 Daily Record of Facility Operation (item 5, .PDF, 302 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40377262&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Attachment%204%20-%20FAA%20Form%207230-4%20Daily%20Record%20of%20Facility%20Operation-Redacted.PDF
- ATC 3 - Attachment 5 - FAA Form 8020-6 Report of Aircraft Accident (item 6, .PDF, 434 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40377261&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Attachment%205%20-%20FAA%20Form%208020-6%20Report%20of%20Aircraft%20Accident-Redacted.PDF
- ATC 3 - Attachment 6 - Radar Plots (item 7, .PDF, 136 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40225782&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Attachment%206%20-%20Radar%20Plots-Master.PDF
- ATC 3 - Attachment 7 - Radar Graphics (item 8, .PDF, 205 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40225783&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%203%20-%20Attachment%207%20-%20Radar%20Graphics-Master.PDF
- Cockpit Voice Recorder 12 - Factual Report of Group Chairman (item 9, .PDF, 241 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237164&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Cockpit%20Voice%20Recorder%2012%20-%20Factual%20Report%20of%20Group%20Chairman-Master.PDF
- Maps or Charts of Accident Area (item 10, .PDF, 797 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236970&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Maps%20or%20Charts%20of%20Accident%20Area-Master.PDF
- Wreckage Diagram (item 11, .PDF, 199 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236971&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Wreckage%20Diagram-Master.PDF
- Weather Reports and Records (item 12, .PDF, 341 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236972&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Weather%20Reports%20and%20Records-Master.PDF
- San Diego Police Department Air Support Unit Statement (item 13, .PDF, 74 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236973&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=San%20Diego%20Police%20Department%20Air%20Support%20Unit%20Statement-Master.PDF
- Radar Plots on Maps (item 14, .PDF, 372 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236974&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Radar%20Plots%20on%20Maps-Master.PDF
- Learjet Field Notes (item 15, .PDF, 4.7 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236976&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Learjet%20Field%20Notes-Master.PDF
- Statement of Party Representatives to NTSB Investigation (item 16, .PDF, 346 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236983&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Statement%20of%20Party%20Representatives%20to%20NTSB%20Investigation-Redacted.PDF
- Release of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15 (item 17, .PDF, 37 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236985&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Release%20of%20Aircraft%20Wreckage,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.15-Redacted.PDF
- Dispatch Logs (item 18, .PDF, 269 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236986&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Dispatch%20Logs-Master.PDF
- Captain's Flight and Duty and Training Records (item 19, .PDF, 992 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40238598&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Captain%27s%20Flight%20and%20Duty%20and%20Training%20Records-Redacted.PDF
- Captain's Logbook Excerpts (item 20, .PDF, 8.5 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236989&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Captain%27s%20Logbook%20Excerpts-Master.PDF
- Captain's 72-Hour History (item 21, .PDF, 20 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40238600&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Captain%27s%2072-Hour%20History-Redacted.PDF
- Copilot's Flight & Duty and Training Records (item 22, .PDF, 1.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40238599&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Copilot%27s%20Flight%20%26%20Duty%20and%20Training%20Records-Redacted.PDF
- Copilot's Logbook Excerpts (item 23, .PDF, 2.0 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236991&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Copilot%27s%20Logbook%20Excerpts-Redacted.PDF
- Copilot's 72-Hour History (item 24, .PDF, 24 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236993&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Copilot%27s%2072-Hour%20History-Master.PDF
- Aircraft Paperwork at Accident Site (item 25, .PDF, 1.7 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40239027&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Aircraft%20Paperwork%20at%20Accident%20Site-Redacted.PDF
- Airframe Logbook (item 26, .PDF, 1.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236996&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Airframe%20Logbook-Redacted.PDF
- Engine Information (item 27, .PDF, 208 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236998&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Engine%20Information-Redacted.PDF
- Captain's Mission Reports (Discrepancies) (item 28, .PDF, 54 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40236999&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Captain%27s%20Mission%20Reports%20(Discrepancies)-Master.PDF
- Airport Approach Plates (item 29, .PDF, 474 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237002&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Airport%20Approach%20Plates-Master.PDF
- Takeoff Minimums and Departure Procedures (item 30, .PDF, 52 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237003&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Takeoff%20Minimums%20and%20Departure%20Procedures-Master.PDF
- ATI Jet Inc. Operation Specifications Excerpts (item 31, .PDF, 171 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237004&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATI%20Jet%20Inc.%20Operation%20Specifications%20Excerpts-Master.PDF
- ATI Jet CFIT Training Syllabus (item 32, .PDF, 56 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237005&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATI%20Jet%20CFIT%20Training%20Syllabus-Master.PDF
- ATI Jet Inc. General Operations Manual Excerpts (item 33, .PDF, 88 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237006&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATI%20Jet%20Inc.%20General%20Operations%20Manual%20Excerpts-Master.PDF
- ATI Jet Standard Operations Procedures Manual Excerpt (item 34, .PDF, 51 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237007&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATI%20Jet%20Standard%20Operations%20Procedures%20Manual%20Excerpt-Master.PDF
- ATI Jet Quick Reference Handbook Excerpt (item 35, .PDF, 64 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237008&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATI%20Jet%20Quick%20Reference%20Handbook%20Excerpt-Master.PDF
- Owner and Operator Lease Agreement (item 36, .PDF, 34 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237009&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Owner%20and%20Operator%20Lease%20Agreement-Master.PDF
- Photo 1. Left side impact crater. (item 37, .PDF, 413 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237014&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%201.%20%20Left%20side%20impact%20crater.-Master.PDF
- Photo 2. Center of impact crater. (item 38, .PDF, 483 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237015&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%202.%20%20Center%20of%20impact%20crater.-Master.PDF
- Photo 3. Right side of impact crater. (item 39, .PDF, 484 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237018&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%203.%20Right%20side%20of%20impact%20crater.%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 4. Left side of impact crater and debris field. (item 40, .PDF, 472 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237019&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%204.%20%20Left%20side%20of%20impact%20crater%20and%20debris%20field.-Master.PDF
- Photo 5. Left to center impact crater and debris field. (item 41, .PDF, 482 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237021&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%205.%20%20Left%20to%20center%20impact%20crater%20and%20debris%20field.-Master.PDF
- Photo 6. Center to right side of impact crater and debris field. (item 42, .PDF, 477 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237023&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%206.%20%20Center%20to%20right%20side%20of%20impact%20crater%20and%20debris%20field.-Master.PDF
- Photo 7. Right side of impact crater and debris field. (item 43, .PDF, 476 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237027&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%207.%20%20Right%20side%20of%20impact%20crater%20and%20debris%20field.-Master.PDF
- Photo 8. Scrub brush adjacent to impact crater. (item 44, .PDF, 482 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237028&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%208.%20Scrub%20brush%20adjacent%20to%20impact%20crater.%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 9. Left impact crater and tip tank fuel pump. (item 45, .PDF, 462 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237029&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%209.%20%20Left%20impact%20crater%20and%20tip%20tank%20fuel%20pump.-Master.PDF
- Photo 10. Right impact crater and tip tank fuel pump. (item 46, .PDF, 431 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237030&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2010.%20%20Right%20impact%20crater%20and%20tip%20tank%20fuel%20pump.-Master.PDF
- Photo 11. Right wing section in impact crater. (item 47, .PDF, 438 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237031&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2011.%20%20Right%20wing%20section%20in%20impact%20crater.-Master.PDF
- Photo 12. Right tip tank skin. (item 48, .PDF, 436 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237032&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2012.%20%20Right%20tip%20tank%20skin.-Master.PDF
- Photo 13. Left flap. (item 49, .PDF, 455 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237033&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2013.%20%20Left%20flap.-Master.PDF
- Photo 14. Flap track. (item 50, .PDF, 481 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237034&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2014.%20%20Flap%20track.%20%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 15. Vertical and horizontal stabilizers. (item 51, .PDF, 481 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237035&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2015.%20Vertical%20and%20horizontal%20stabilizers.%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 16. Left side of vertical and horizontal stabilizers. (item 52, .PDF, 450 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237064&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2016.%20%20Left%20side%20of%20vertical%20and%20horizontal%20stabilizers.-Master.PDF
- Photo 17. Right side of vertical stabilizer and rudder. (item 53, .PDF, 438 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237065&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2017.%20%20Right%20side%20of%20vertical%20stabilizer%20and%20rudder.-Master.PDF
- Photo 18. Left main landing gear actuator. (item 54, .PDF, 487 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237066&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2018.%20%20Left%20main%20landing%20gear%20actuator.-Master.PDF
- Photo 19. Main landing gear. (item 55, .PDF, 469 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237067&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2019.%20%20Main%20landing%20gear.-Master.PDF
- Photo 20. Nose gear. (item 56, .PDF, 482 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237068&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2020.%20%20Nose%20gear.-Master.PDF
- Photo 21. Center fuselage section. (item 57, .PDF, 485 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237069&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2021.%20%20Center%20fuselage%20section.-Master.PDF
- Photo 22. Center wing skin section. (item 58, .PDF, 479 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237071&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2022.%20%20Center%20wing%20skin%20section.-Master.PDF
- Photo 23. Cockpit skin and window frame. (item 59, .PDF, 476 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237073&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2023.%20%20Cockpit%20skin%20and%20window%20frame.-Master.PDF
- Photo 24. Captain's instrument panel. (item 60, .PDF, 470 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237074&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2024.%20%20Captain%27s%20instrument%20panel.-Master.PDF
- Photo 25. Copilot's instrument panel. (item 61, .PDF, 484 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237075&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2025.%20%20Copilot%27s%20instrument%20panel.-Master.PDF
- Photo 26. Throttle quadrant. (item 62, .PDF, 442 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237076&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2026.%20Throttle%20quadrant.%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 27. Altimeter. (item 63, .PDF, 435 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237077&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2027.%20Altimeter.%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 28. Vertical speed indicator. (item 64, .PDF, 383 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237078&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2028.%20%20Vertical%20speed%20indicator.-Master.PDF
- Photo 29. Airspeed indicator. (item 65, .PDF, 426 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237079&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2029.%20Airspeed%20indicator.%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 30. Turbine speed gauge. (item 66, .PDF, 328 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237080&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2030.%20Turbine%20speed%20gauge.-Master.PDF
- Photo 31. Turbine speed gauge. (item 67, .PDF, 375 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237081&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2031.%20%20Turbine%20speed%20gauge.-Master.PDF
- Photo 32. Compressor speed gauge. (item 68, .PDF, 476 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237082&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2032.%20%20Compressor%20speed%20gauge.-Master.PDF
- Photo 33. Turbine temperature gauge. (item 69, .PDF, 397 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237083&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2033.%20%20Turbine%20temperature%20gauge.%20%20-Master.PDF
- Photo 34. Turbine temperature gauge. (item 70, .PDF, 405 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237084&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2034.%20%20Turbine%20temperature%20gauge.-Master.PDF
- Photo 35. Left engine. (item 71, .PDF, 457 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237085&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2035.%20%20Left%20engine.-Master.PDF
- Photo 36. Right engine core. (item 72, .PDF, 457 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237086&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2036.%20Right%20engine%20core.-Master.PDF
- Photo 37. Right engine section. (item 73, .PDF, 450 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40237087&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2037.%20%20Right%20engine%20section.-Master.PDF

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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