# NTSB LAX06CA152: Piper PA-44-180, N449PA, Phoenix, AZ, April 30, 2006 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: April 30, 2006, 08:40 local (15:40 UTC) - Place: Phoenix, AZ - Coordinates: 33.691665, -112.07611 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=33.6917&lon=-112.0761&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 29, 2006 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 63608 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX06CA152 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/63608/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX06CA152 ## Probable cause the failure of both pilots to maintain Vmc and directional control during a go-around. Also causal was an inoperative engine caused by flight instructor's failure to ensure that the fuel system was correctly configured for two engine operation by moving the shutoff valve for the right engine from the "off" to the "on" position. An additional cause was the flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the flight. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(partial) - nonmechanical, go-around (vfr) - 1 engine - fluid,fuel - starvation (cause) - fuel tank selector position - improper, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - Loss of control - in flight, go-around (vfr) - airspeed(vmc) - not maintained, flightcrew (cause) - directional control - not maintained, flightcrew (cause) - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - In flight collision with object, descent - uncontrolled - airport facilities,taxiway sign(s) - terrain condition - runway ## Analysis The airplane veered off the runway during landing and collided with an airport sign. The flight instructor (CFI) and the private pilot were inbound on an instrument approach while simulating a right engine failure. Before reaching the missed approach point, the CFI instructed the student to continue the approach visually. About 20 feet from the touchdown point, he gave the student control of both throttles and pulled them to idle. The sink rate was excessive and the airplane bounced into the air. The student added power to execute a go-around procedure but the right engine did not respond. The airplane was below its one engine inoperative minimum controllable airspeed and it yawed suddenly to the right. The CFI took the controls from the student and reduced the throttle on the left engine to regain control of the airplane. The airplane touched down off the runway and hit an airport sign on an adjacent taxiway, which caused the airplane's nose gear to collapse. The airplane skidded to a halt on the airport ramp. A maintenance technician secured the airplane after the accident and noticed that the left fuel selector was in the on position and the right fuel selector was in the off position. Examination of the airplane revealed that there was no fuel in the right fuel line, carburetor, or fuel pump. Maintenance personnel turned the right engine fuel selector valve to the on position. One of them started the engine without difficulty, and they observed no anomalies while they ran the engine. ## Factual narrative On April 30, 2006, about 0840 mountain standard time, a Piper PA-44-180 (Seminole), N449PA, veered off the runway and collided with a sign at Deer Valley (KDVT), Arizona. DVG Holdings Incorporated, d.b.a. Pan Am International Flight Academy, was operating the airplane under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91. The certified flight instructor (CFI) and the private pilot were not injured; the airplane sustained substantial damage. The local instructional flight departed about 0735. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan had been filed. The CFI submitted a written report. He and the private pilot were inbound on an instrument approach to runway 7R while simulating a right engine failure. The CFI set the right-hand engine at 11 inches manifold pressure to simulate that the engine propeller was feathered. Before reaching the missed approach point, he instructed the student to continue the approach visually. About 20 feet from the touchdown point, he gave the student control of both throttles and pulled them both to idle. The sink rate was excessive, and they bounced into the air. The CFI told the student to execute a go-around procedure. Both throttles were set to full forward and the right engine never regained power. The airplane was below its minimum controllable airspeed, and it then yawed suddenly to the right. The CFI proceeded to take the controls from the student. He reduced the throttle on the left engine to regain control of the airplane. Their altitude was approximately 40 feet above the ground and they were descending rapidly. He called the tower to report their emergency landing on taxiway Charlie. He attempted to maintain a straight heading. They hit an airport sign, and the nose gear collapsed. The airplane skidded about 20 to 30 feet before stopping on the airport ramp. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Principal Operations Inspector (POI) interviewed the CFI and student. The CFI stated that he did not recall turning the fuel selector to the off position, and did not think that his student did either. However, he did not recall verifying its position prior to landing. He does not shut the fuel off for single engine practice when low to the ground. The student did not recall turning the fuel selector valve off. A maintenance technician submitted a written report. She arrived at the scene of the accident and secured the airplane. Upon entering the cabin, she saw that the fuel selector for the right engine was in the off position, and the fuel selector for the left engine was in the on position. She notified her supervisor of this observation, made sure all switches were in the proper position, and then shut off the fuel selector. The POI oversaw the examination of the airplane. Maintenance technicians found no fuel in the right fuel line, carburetor, or fuel pump. They turned the fuel selector valve to the on position. One of them started the engine without difficulty, and they observed no anomalies while they ran the engine. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N449PA](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N449PA), registered now, S/N 4496185, built 2004 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Piper PA-44-180 - Registry model: [Piper PA-44-180](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-44-180) (registry code 7104402) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming O-360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-o-360-series) (registry code 41575, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 4496185 - Engines: Lycoming O-360-A1H6 reciprocating; Lycoming LO-360-A1H6 reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: DVG Holdings Incorperated, doing business as Pan Am International Flight Academy - Registered owner: DVG Holdings, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: DVT, Phoenix, AZ - Destination: DVT, Phoenix, AZ - Airport: DVT, Phoenix Deer Valley, runway 7R, 8,208 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Flight instructor; age 36; injuries: minor; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1; flight hours: 1,091 total, 191 in this make and model, 982 as pilot in command, 177 in the last 90 days, 62 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours - Student pilot; age 24; injuries: minor; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3; flight hours: 200 total, 26 in this make and model, 90 as pilot in command, 90 in the last 90 days, 73 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 160° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 37 °F - Altimeter: 29.92 inHg - Observed at: DVT ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20060430009519A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060430009519A), Apr 30, 2006: Piper PA44180, Phoenix, AZ, Substantial damage. (-23) Instructor simulated right engine failure inside final approach fix. Instructor believes he simulated engine failure via retarding throttle on right… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.