# NTSB LAX92LA132: Cessna 195A, N3451V, San Jose, CA, February 29, 1992

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: February 29, 1992, 13:54 local (21:54 UTC)
- Place: San Jose, CA
- Coordinates: 37.340232, -121.900238 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.3402&lon=-121.9002&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: Minor injuries
- Injuries: 1 minor
- Status: Completed, report August 26, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 27569
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX92LA132
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/27569/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX92LA132

## Probable cause

THE PILOT'S IMPROPER COMPENSATION FOR THE EXISTING WIND CONDITIONS AND IMPROPER RECOVERY FROM A BOUNCED LANDING. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE LEFT QUARTERING TAIL/CROSSWIND.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown
  - weather condition - tailwind (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - crosswind (contributing factor)
  - compensation for wind conditions - improper, pilot in command (cause)
  - recovery from bounced landing - improper, pilot in command (cause)
- Nose over, landing - roll

## Analysis

A CESSNA 195A LANDED HARD, BOUNCED, AND NOSED OVER WHILE LANDING ON RUNWAY 30R WITH A LEFT QUARTERING TAIL/CROSSWIND. THE WINDS WERE REPORTED TO BE FROM 190 DEGREES AT 10 KNOTS AND THE PILOT FAILED TO PROPERLY COMPENSATE FOR THE EXISTING WIND CONDITIONS AND RECOVER FROM THE RESULTING BOUNCED LANDING.  THE PILOT INDICATED THAT ON TOUCHDOWN THE AIRPLANE SWERVED TO THE RIGHT AND THE NOSE PITCHED DOWN.  THE PROPELLER THEN STRUCK THE RUNWAY SURFACE AND THE AIRPLANE NOSED OVER AND CAME TO REST INVERTED.  POST FLIGHT EXAMINATION OF THE AIRPLANE REVEAL THE RIGHT MAIN GEAR WHEEL FAIRING HAD CONTACTED THE TIRE.  THE PILOT INDICATED THAT THE RIGHT MAIN LANDING GEAR TIRE HAD SCRAPE MARKS ON BOTH SIDEWALLS AND A GOUGE IN THE TREAD FROM CONTACT WITH THE WHEEL FAIRING MUD SCRAPER.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N3451V](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N3451V), registered now, S/N 7148 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 195A
- Registry model: [Cessna 195A](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-195a) (registry code 2073110) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Jacobs L4 /R755-7](https://openairdocs.org/engine/jacobs-l4-r755-7) (registry code 35003, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 7148
- Airframe hours: 5826
- Engines: JACOBS R-755-B2 275 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Operator: Penney, James H.
- Registered owner: Penney, James H.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: Annual, November 26, 1991, 10 hours before
- Departed: LVK, LIVERMORE, CA
- Airport: SJC, San Jose Intl, runway 30R, 4,419 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 67; airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; flight hours: 18,000 total, 2,000 in this make and model, 10,000 as pilot in command, 14 in the last 90 days, 14 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 190° at 10 knots
- Visibility: 20 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 70 °F, dew point 43 °F
- Altimeter: 29.00 inHg
- Observed at: SJC, 1 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19920229004639A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19920229004639A), Feb 29, 1992: Cessna 195A, San Jose, CA, Substantial damage. Landed hard, bounced and nosed over. Tires had flexed catching on mud scraper in wheel fairings causing abrupt drag

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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