# NTSB LAX93FA055: Cessna T210M, N784RF, Thornton, CA, November 29, 1992 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: November 29, 1992, 13:28 local (21:28 UTC) - Place: Thornton, CA - Coordinates: 38.169269, -121.51902 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=38.1693&lon=-121.5190&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 5 fatal - Status: Completed, report October 8, 1993 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 27813 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX93FA055 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/27813/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93FA055 ## Probable cause (aircraft 2) THE FAILURE OF THE PILOTS OF BOTH AIRPLANES TO SEE AND AVOID EACH OTHER. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE FAILURE OF THE SACRAMENTO CONTROLLER TO ADVISE THE STOCKTON CONTROLLER OF THE IMPENDING UNSAFE SITUATION, AND THE FAILURE OF THE STOCKTON CONTROLLER TO ISSUE A TRAFFIC ADVISORY AND A SAFETY ALERT TO THE PILOT OF THE C-180, N3313D. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Midair collision, climb - to cruise - visual lookout - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - visual lookout - inadequate, pilot of other aircraft (cause) - communications/information/atc - inadequate, atc personnel(dep/apch) (contributing factor) - traffic advisory - not issued, atc personnel(dep/apch) (contributing factor) - Midair collision, cruise - normal - visual lookout - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - visual lookout - inadequate, pilot of other aircraft (cause) - communications/information/atc - inadequate, atc personnel(dep/apch) (contributing factor) - traffic advisory - not issued, atc personnel(dep/apch) (contributing factor) ## Analysis (aircraft 2) AFTER DEPARTURE FROM SACRAMENTO, THE PLT OF THE C-210, N784RF, HAD DECLINED FURTHER RADAR TRAFFIC ADVISORIES, AND WAS CLIMBING ON ABOUT A 152 DEG HEADING. THE PILOT HAD CHANGED RADIO FREQ, AND WAS RECEIVING WEATHER ADVISORIES FOR HIS DESTINATION AIRPORT. THE C-180, N3313D, WAS IN CRUISE FLIGHT AT 3,100 FT ON ABOUT A 307 DEG HEADING, AND THE PILOT HAD JUST TERMINATED HIS PARTICIPATION IN RECEIVING RADAR TRAFFIC ADVISORIES FROM THE STOCKTON TRACON. THE TWO AIRPLANES COLLIDED NEAR HEAD-ON ABOUT HALF WAY BETWEEN TWO TRACON FACILITIES. THE RIGHT WING OF THE C-210 CONTACTED THE LEFT WING OF THE C-180, AND BOTH WINGS SEPARATED ABOUT MID-SPAN IN ABOUT A 90-DEG ORIENTATION FROM EACH OTHER. VISIBILITY WAS REPORTED AS 10 MI IN HAZE. OTHER PILOTS REPORTED THAT SMOKE LIMITED VISIBILITY FROM 1 TO 5 MI IN THE AREA. BOTH AIRPLANES HAD MODE C ALTITUDE ENCODING, AND BOTH WERE DEPICTED ON RADAR PRIOR TO THE COLLISION. ## Aircraft 1 - Registration: [N784RF](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N784RF-1993-04-30), registration cancelled 1993-04-30, S/N 21062631 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA T210M - Registry model: [Cessna T210M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-t210m) (registry code 2073451) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: T21062631 - Airframe hours: 1710 - Engines: CONTINENTAL TSIO-540-R 310 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Franich, Russell - Registered owner: Franich, Russell - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, June 12, 1992, 71 hours before - Departed: SAC, SACRAMENTO, CA - Destination: CMA, CAMARILLO, CA ## Aircraft 2 - Registration: [N3313D](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N3313D-1993-05-20), registration cancelled 1993-05-20, S/N 32111 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 180 - Registry model: [Cessna 180](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-180) (registry code 2072602) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 3211 - Airframe hours: 3747 - Engines: CONTINENTAL O-470-J 225 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Wallace, Bennie - Registered owner: Wallace, Bennie - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, October 19, 1992, 1 hours before - Departed: L65, PERRIS, CA - Destination: 2Q3, WOODLAND, CA ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot, aircraft N784RF; age 39; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 1,600 total - Pilot, aircraft N3313D; age 37; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 1,468 total, 1,407 as pilot in command ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 300° at 6 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 61 °F, dew point 39 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: SCK, 19 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (2) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19921129048141A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19921129048141A), Nov 29, 1992: Cessna T210M, Thornton, CA, Destroyed, 4 fatal. Climbing declined radar advisories. Radio weather check collided with N3313D level at 3100FT that just left TRACON. - [Accident 19921129048142A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19921129048142A), Nov 29, 1992: Cessna 180, Thorton, CA, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Gust left TRACON advisories at cruise 3100FT. Collided with N784RF climbing to cruise and left advisories. Lost wing From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.