# NTSB LAX93LA168: Cessna 152, N89022, San Carlos, CA, April 8, 1993 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: April 8, 1993, 16:20 local (23:20 UTC) - Place: San Carlos, CA - Coordinates: 37.489372, -122.260421 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.4894&lon=-122.2604&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report June 30, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 28363 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX93LA168 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/28363/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX93LA168 ## Probable cause THE CFI'S INADEQUATE SUPERVISION OF THE FLIGHT AND DELAYING THE REMEDIAL ACTION. THE DUAL STUDENT'S IMPROPER USE OF THE BRAKES IS A FACTOR IN THIS ACCIDENT. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - roll - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - remedial action - delayed, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - brakes(normal) - improper use of, dual student (contributing factor) - On ground/water collision with object, landing - roll - object - sign ## Analysis THE STUDENT PILOT LANDED THE AIRPLANE UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A CERTIFIED FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR (CFI). THE AIRPLANE LANDED NORMALLY, BUT DURING THE LANDING ROLL-OUT THE STUDENT APPLIED UNEVEN BRAKING AND THE AIRPLANE EXITED THE RUNWAY AND COLLIDED WITH A RUNWAY SIGN. THE CFI ADMONISHED THE STUDENT TO WATCH THE UNEVEN BRAKING APPLICATION, BUT DID NOT ASSUME THE CONTROLS UNITL IT WAS EVIDENT TO HIM THAT THE STUDENT LOST CONTROL OF THE AIRPLANE. ## Factual narrative On April 8, 1993, at about 1618 hours Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 152, N89022, experienced a loss of control during the landing roll on runway 30 at San Carlos Airport, San Carlos, California. The pilots were conducting a visual flight rules instructional flight. The airplane, operated by Palo Alto Flying Club, Palo Alto, California, sustained substantial damage. Neither the certificated airline transport pilot/flight instructor (CFI) nor the noncertificated student pilot was injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. The flight originated at Palo Alto Airport (PAO), Palo Alto, California, at 1611 hours. Ms. Cynthia Jesch, aviation safety inspector, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), San Jose [California] Flight Standards District Office, reported that the flight was landing on runway 30 at PAO, during gusting wind conditions. During the landing roll the aircraft exited the left side of the runway and its horizontal stabilizer struck a sign. The CFI reported in the Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1/2, that the student pilot made a normal landing. On the landing roll-out, the local controller asked the flight where it was going to park. The CFI requested to taxi back for takeoff and was going to remain in the traffic pattern. Moments later, the airplane veered to the left and the CFI admonished the student to "watch your braking." The CFI indicated that the airplane "felt like he [the student] applied uneven braking application with excessive braking of the left brake." The CFI then stated that "...when it was clear that the student lost control [of the airplane] I took over and three (3) seconds later we were at a standstill on the taxiway. Unfortunately, in the interim, we had struck a runway sign with the right stabilizer..." ## Aircraft - Registration: [N89022](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N89022-2018-01-17), registration cancelled 2018-01-17, S/N 15282599, built 1978 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 152 - Registry model: [Cessna 152](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-152) (registry code 2071835) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-235 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-235-series) (registry code 41505, 4 cycle) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 15282599 - Airframe hours: 6160 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-L2C 110 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Stanley Main - Last inspection: 100 hour, February 5, 1993, 37 hours before - Departed: PAO, PALO ALTO, CA - Airport: SQL, San Carlos, runway 30, 2,600 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 31; commercial, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 2,100 total, 1,030 in this make and model, 1,972 as pilot in command ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 280° at 17 knots - Visibility: 30 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 4,100 ft broken - Temperature: 64 °F, dew point 54 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: SQL ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19930408008889A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19930408008889A), Apr 8, 1993: Cessna 152, San Carlos, CA, Substantial damage. Student over controlled rudder then braked one brake. Swerved. CFI took over too late. Struck taxiway sign. ## Other investigations on N89022 (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB LAX91LA379](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX91LA379), Sep 1, 1991: Cessna C-152 (N89022), Palo Alto, CA, substantial damage. Probable cause: IMPROPER RECOVERY FROM A BOUNCED LANDING BY THE STUDENT PILOT AND THE DELAYED REMEDIAL ACTION OF THE INSTRUCTOR PILOT. CONTRIBUTING TO THIS ACCIDENT WAS THE STUDENT PILOT'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN THE… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.