# NTSB LAX94LA040: Beech D95A, N566KK, Hollister, CA, November 9, 1993 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: November 9, 1993, 13:50 local (21:50 UTC) - Place: Hollister, CA - Coordinates: 36.889873, -121.239967 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=36.8899&lon=-121.2400&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 1, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 28594 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX94LA040 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/28594/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX94LA040 ## Probable cause THE IMPROPER POSITION OF THE FUEL SELECTOR SWITCH BY THE DUAL STUDENT DURING THE BEFORE LANDING CHECKLIST AND INADEQUATE SUPERVISION BY THE CFI. FUEL STARVATION TO BOTH ENGINES WAS A FACTOR IN THIS ACCIDENT. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, approach - vfr pattern - downwind - all engines - fluid,fuel - starvation (contributing factor) - fuel tank selector position - improper, dual student (cause) - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - Forced landing, approach - vfr pattern - downwind - starting procedure - not possible, pilot in command(cfi) - altitude - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) - In flight collision with terrain/water, landing - roll - terrain condition - crop ## Analysis THE TWIN ENGINE AIRPLANE EXPERIENCED A TOTAL LOSS OF POWER WHILE IN THE TRAFFIC PATTERN. THE CFI ASSUMED THE CONTROLS AND BEGAN THE EMERGENCY PROCEDURES. THE CFI DISCOVERED THE DUAL STUDENT HAD SWITCHED THE FUEL SELECTORS TO THE OFF POSITION WHILE COMPLETING THE BEFORE LANDING CHECKLIST. THE CFI STATED THERE WAS INSUFFICIENT ALTITUDE REMAINING TO ATTEMPT AN ENGINE START. THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN SHORT OF THE RUNWAY IN A CULTIVATED FIELD. THE AIRPLANE STRUCK THE RUNWAY EDGE DURING THE LANDING ROLL. ## Factual narrative On November 9, 1993, at 1350 hours Pacific standard time (PST), a Beech D95A, N566KK, collided with terrain short of runway 31 at the Hollister Municipal Airport, Hollister, California, after a reported loss of power to both engines. The airplane was being operated by California In Nice, Inc., as an instructional flight under 14CFR Part 91. The airplane was substantially damaged. The certified flight instructor (CFI) and student pilot were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time. The flight originated from the Reid-Hillview Airport, San Jose, California, about 1250 hours PST. The CFI reported to the Federal Aviation Administration that while on the downwind leg of the Hollister Municipal Airport traffic pattern, he noted a high rate of descent. The CFI took control of the airplane from the student pilot and pushed the throttle levers forward to increase power. The engines did not respond to the throttle application. After the engines did not respond, the CFI began the emergency procedure and determined the fuel selector valves were in the off position. The CFI decided there was insufficient altitude remaining to attempt an engine restart and tried to reach runway 31 in a power off glide. The airplane touched down short of the runway in a cultivated field. The airplane rolled toward the edge of the runway and the nose gear caught the runway and collapsed. The CFI indicated the runway edge was about one inch high. The CFI indicated that the fuel selector valve on the Beech D95A is not visible from the right seat and its position must be determined by feel. The CFI further indicated that there were no mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane and the fuel selector valves were most likely placed in the off position by the student pilot during the before landing checklist. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N566KK](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N566KK-2020-07-10), registration cancelled 2020-07-10, S/N TD-673, built 1966 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: BEECH D95A - Registry model: [Beech D95A](https://openairdocs.org/model/beech-d95a) (registry code 1153408) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming I0360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-i0360-series) (registry code 41515, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: TD-673 - Airframe hours: 2334 - Engines: LYCOMING IO-360-B1B 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: California In Nice, Inc., doing business as Nice Air - Registered owner: California In Nice, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, November 3, 1993, 3 hours before - Departed: RHV, SAN JOSE, CA - Destination: 3O7 - Airport: 3O7, Hollister Municipal Aprt, runway 31, 3,975 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 31; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: right; flight hours: 1,098 total, 28 in this make and model, 1,039 as pilot in command, 17 in the last 90 days, 9 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 320° at 5 knots - Visibility: 1,562 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 20,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 63 °F, dew point 50 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: SNS, 16 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19931109042469A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19931109042469A), Nov 9, 1993: Beech D95A, Hollister, CA, Substantial damage. Both engines quit on final approach. Landed short. Collapsed nose gear. Fuel valves off. CFI noted valves too late. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.