# NTSB LAX99LA313: Cessna 172N, N2339E, Merced, CA, September 17, 1999 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: September 17, 1999, 14:35 local (21:35 UTC) - Place: Merced, CA - Coordinates: 37.350673, -120.419914 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=37.3507&lon=-120.4199&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report April 6, 2001 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 47434 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=LAX99LA313 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/47434/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/LAX99LA313 ## Probable cause The pilot's premature retraction of the flaps during an attempted go-around with insufficient airspeed, which led to an inadvertent stall/mush condition. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, go-around (vfr) - go-around - initiated, pilot in command - raising of flaps - premature, pilot in command (cause) - airspeed - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - stall/mush - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled - terrain condition - ground ## Analysis The purpose of the flight was to do a touch-and-go at the accident airport and return to home base. No discrepancies were noted with the flight while en route to the accident airport. On final approach the pilot noted that the windsock was indicating a crosswind, and approximately 30 feet agl he felt a strong left-quartering headwind. After he corrected for the crosswind, a gust of wind pushed the left wing up and the airplane veered off of the runway. He attempted to land, and when he saw that he would not be able to land on the runway, he applied full throttle and pushed the carburetor heat in to attempt a go-around. The pilot felt the airplane about to stall and he retracted all of the flaps. He stated that there was not enough lift and the airplane impacted the ground from about 50 feet agl. No mechanical malfunctions were noted with the airplane or engine. The airport manager said that the winds at the time of the accident were from the northwest at 5 knots. ## Factual narrative On September 17, 1999, at 1435 hours Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 172N, N2339E, descended into the ground during an attempted go-around from a landing approach to runway 31 at the Castle Airport, Merced, California. The aircraft, owned and operated by the Modesto Flight Center and rented by the pilot under the provisions of 14 CFR Part 91, sustained substantial damage. The private pilot and a passenger were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions existed for the personal flight that had originated at the Modesto, California, airport at 1400 on the day of the accident. The flight was scheduled to terminate at the Modesto Airport. Wind conditions reported from a weather observation facility located at the Modesto Airport, approximately 23 nautical miles from the accident location, were from 300 degrees at 11 knots. The airport manager reported winds at Castle airport were from the northwest, gusting to 5 knots. The pilot reported that the flight to Castle airport was uneventful. On final approach, about 30 feet above the ground, he noted a strong quartering left headwind and corrected accordingly. After straightening the nose, a gust of wind pushed the left wing up, and blew the airplane off the runway. The pilot stated that he attempted to land, and when it became evident that he would not land on the runway, he applied full throttle and pushed the carburetor heat in to go around. He reported that he felt the airplane was going to stall because of the high angle of attack on the go-around, and he "threw the flaps all the way up . . . " He stated that the airplane did not have enough lift and the airplane impacted the ground from about 50 feet. The passenger reported that on final approach the pilot had commented that the windsock was indicating a crosswind. In an interview with a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector, the pilot stated that he had received his private pilot certificate that morning and was taking his father on his first flight as a private pilot. The pilot stated that they were going to go to Castle airport to do a touch-and-go and then return to Merced. The pilot further reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions with the airplane or engine. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N2339E](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N2339E-2004-03-09), registration cancelled 2004-03-09, S/N 17271242, built 1978 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172N - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17271242 - Airframe hours: 7515 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-H2AD 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Modesto Flight Center - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, September 15, 1999, 5 hours before - Departed: MOD, MODESTO, CA - Airport: MER, Castle, runway 31, 11,802 × 300 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 19; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 61 total, 61 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 300° at 11 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 86 °F, dew point 50 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: MOD, 23 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19990917027749A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990917027749A), Sep 17, 1999: Cessna 172N, Merced, CA, Substantial damage. (.19) On September 17, 1999, at 1435 hours pacific daylight time, a Cessna 172N, N2339E, was struck by a gust of wind on approach for landing on runway 31, and… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.