# NTSB MIA00LA111: Hiller UH-12B, N5304V, Sanford, FL, March 17, 2000 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: March 17, 2000, 13:52 local (18:52 UTC) - Place: Sanford, FL - Location: 28.7772° N, 81.2349° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at ORLANDO SANFORD INTL (SFB), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.7772&lon=-81.2349&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor - Status: Completed, report December 4, 2000 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 48814 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA00LA111 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/48814/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA00LA111 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper collective and cyclic control usage during an emergency descent, following the onset of a 1 to 1 vibration for undetermined reasons, resulting in the helicopter landing hard and rolling over. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Airframe/component/system failure/malfunction, climb - rotor system - vibration - reason for occurrence undetermined - Hard landing, descent - emergency - cyclic - improper use of, pilot in command (cause) - collective - improper use of, pilot in command (cause) - descent - excessive, pilot in command (cause) ## Analysis While climbing after takeoff, the pilot stated he experienced a 1 to 1 vibration. He lowered the collective and initiated an approach the surface. The vibration got worse and as he approached the surface and raised the collective the helicopter felt like there was no response from the controls. The helicopter hit hard and rolled onto it's side. Post crash examination of the helicopter by an FAA inspector showed no obvious mechanical defects in the rotors or flight control systems. The left engine magneto 'P' lead was found loose, rendering the magneto inoperative. The threads on the 'P' lead had no damage and the magneto was not damaged from impact. ## Factual narrative On March 17, 2000, about 1352 eastern standard time, a Hiller UH-12B, N5304V, registered to a private owner, crashed while attempting a emergency landing at Sanford Airport, Sanford, Florida, while on a Title 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed. The helicopter received substantial damage and the commercial-rated pilot received minor injuries. The flight originated from Sanford, Florida, a few minutes before the accident. The pilot stated he was performing practice autorotations with power recoveries. While departing into the pattern, he began to experience a severe one per revolution vibration. He was climbing through about 50 feet. He immediately lowered the collective and tried to maintain an approach to the surface away from construction workers and equipment. As he got closer to the surface the vibrations intensity increased substantially to the point where he could hardly hold onto the controls or see outside the helicopter. He attempted to raise the collective as he neared the surface and felt as if there was no response or control of the helicopter at that point. After the helicopter hit the surface and rolled a few times, he unbuckled the seat belt and got out of the helicopter. Postcrash examination of the crash site and helicopter was performed by a FAA inspector. The inspector stated the initial impact point of the helicopter was about 300 feet from the final stopping point, indicated by the two tail rotor blades lying where they had initially struck the ground and became separated from the tail rotor hub. There were skid marks from this point to the final spot where the helicopter rolled onto it's right side. There were no indications of more than one roll and no indication of a complete roll, only 90 degrees to end resting on the right side. The main rotor blades had been shattered from the impact, but the steel spar straps were intact and still attached to the rotor hub. One control paddle had been broken off at the hub from the impact. Control continuity was established for the main rotor and engine controls, but the tail rotor cables had been separated during the crash. They were still connected at the pedals and pitch change horn. No obvious mechanical defects could be detected. The "P" lead from the left magneto was hanging loose from the magneto. The threads on the "P" lead cap were not damaged and the magneto had no impact damage. A witness located in a construction area on the airport, near the crash site, stated he observed the helicopter circle overhead practicing landings west of runway 18-36. He watched the helicopter land and then takeoff again. During takeoff and climb the helicopter sound changed and he watched the helicopter descend from about 200 feet, in level flight but coming down fast. The helicopter hit the ground and flipped over. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N5304V](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N5304V-2014-10-27), registration cancelled 2014-10-27, S/N 575 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Hiller UH-12B - Registry model: [Hiller UH-12B](https://openairdocs.org/model/hiller-uh-12b) (registry code 4360110) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Franklin 6V4 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/franklin-6v4-series) (registry code 27033, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Helicopter - Serial number: 575 - Airframe hours: 3998 - Engines: Franklin 6V4-200-C33 200 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Robert Kivlen - Registered owner: Luis Diaz - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, October 1, 1999, 30 hours before - Departed: SFB - Airport: SFB, Sanford ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 31; flight instructor, commercial; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 3,000 total, 30 in this make and model, 2,900 as pilot in command, 40 in the last 90 days, 40 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 320° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 2,800 ft overcast - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 63 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: SFB, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20000317013279A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20000317013279A), Mar 17, 2000: Hiller UH12B, Orlando, FL, No damage. (-23)Pilot said extreme vibration caused him to lose control of his helicopter, resulting in hard landing. The heli hit t/r first then slid approx 100 ft. then… ## Other investigations on N5304V (2) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB ANC04LA027](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ANC04LA027), Feb 22, 2004: Hiller UH-12B (N5304V), Bradenton, FL, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision which resulted in fuel exhaustion. Also causal was the pilot's failure to maintain adequate rotor speed, resulting in a hard landing. - [NTSB CHI67A0087](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI67A0087), Jan 15, 1967: Hiller UH-12B (N5304V), Fairhaven, MI, destroyed From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.