# NTSB MIA03FA034: Cessna 208B, N1122Y, Manteo, NC, December 25, 2002 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: December 25, 2002, 01:00 local (06:00 UTC) - Place: Manteo, NC - Coordinates: 35.900554, -75.733329 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=35.9006&lon=-75.7333&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report September 1, 2004 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Telford Aviation, Inc., FAA FSDO, Pratt and Whitney Canada, Cessna Aircraft Company - NTSB case key (mKey): 56241 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA03FA034 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/56241/pdf - NTSB docket: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=56241 - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA03FA034 ## Probable cause The pilot's continued descent below the minimum descent altitude, for undetermined reasons, while performing a NDB approach, resulting in the airplane crashing into water 1.5 miles from the airport. A factor in the accident was a cloud ceiling below the minimum descent altitude and low visibility. ## Analysis At 0029, the pilot contacted Norfolk Approach and stated he was ready for takeoff on runway 01 at Elizabeth City. The controller instructed the pilot to fly runway heading and climb to 3,000 feet. At 0032, the controller advised the pilot that the flight was radar contact and for the pilot to fly heading 160 degrees. At 0034, the Norfolk Approach controller instructed the pilot to contact the FAA Washington Air Route Traffic Control Center. At 0034, the pilot of N1122Y contacted the controller at Washington Center, stating he was coming up on 3,000 feet. The controller acknowledged, and the pilot requested the non-directional beacon (NDB) approach to runway 5 at Dare County Airport, Manteo. At 0036, the controller instructed the pilot to fly heading 145 degrees for Manteo and fly direct to the NDB when he receives the signal. The pilot acknowledged and the controller also asked the pilot if he had the current weather for Manteo. The pilot responded that he did have the current weather. At 0043, the controller cleared the pilot for the NDB runway 5 approach at Manteo and to maintain 2,000 feet until the flight crossed the beacon outbound. The pilot acknowledged. At 0046, the controller informed the pilot that radar contact with the flight was lost and for the pilot to report a cancellation or a downtime on his radio frequency. The pilot acknowledged. At 0057:21, the controller called the pilot and the pilot responded by reporting the flight was procedure turn inbound. No further transmissions were received from the pilot. When the pilot did not report that he was on the ground, and further radio contact could not be established, controllers initiated search and rescue efforts. The wreckage of the airplane was located in the waters of Croatan Sound, about 1.5 miles west of the Dare County Regional Airport about 1000. The pilot was not located in the airplane. The body of the pilot was located in the waters of Croatan Sound on February 11, 2003. Post crash examination of the airplane, flight controls, and engine showed no evidence of precrash failure or malfunction. The propeller separated from the airplane and was not located after the accident. Damage to the mounting bolts for the propeller was consistent with the propeller separating due to impact with the water. Postmortem examination of the pilot showed no findings which could be considered causal to the accident. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On December 25, 2002, about 0100 eastern standard time, a Cessna 208B, N1122Y, registered to Avion Capital Corporation, and operated by Telford Aviation, Inc., as a 14 CFR Part 91 positioning flight, crashed into Croatan Sound, near Manteo, North Carolina. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and an instrument flight rules flight plan was filed. The airplane received substantial damage and the airline transport-rated pilot was fatally injured. The flight last departed Elizabeth City, North Carolina, the same day, about 0030. A person identifying himself as the pilot of Telford Flight 1279 called the FAA Raleigh Automated Flight Service Station, on December 24, 2002, at 1507, requesting an outlook pilot weather briefing for a 1900 flight from Manteo, North Carolina to Raleigh, North Carolina. The pilot departed Manteo at about 1855, along with another pilot, in N1122Y, operating as Telford Flight 1279. They made a stop in Edenton, North Carolina, to pick up packages, and then continued to Raleigh, arriving about 2036. The other pilot stated that he and the pilot of N1122Y had the airplane refueled at Raleigh, with 20 gallons of fuel added to the left tank and 30 gallons added to the right tank. The other pilot flew back to Manteo with another pilot in another airplane. The accident pilot departed Raleigh by himself in N1122Y at about 2300, to Elizabeth City, North Carolina, as Telford Flight 1280. The flight arrived at Elizabeth City at about 0010, on December 25, 2002, and packages were unload. The aircraft operator stated the pilot was then scheduled to reposition the airplane from Elizabeth City to Manteo. At 0020, a pilot identifying himself as the pilot of N1122Y contacted the FAA Norfolk Approach, stating he was on the ground at Elizabeth City and requesting a cruise clearance to Manteo. The pilot was offered an instrument flight rules clearance to Manteo and at 0022, was issued the clearance to Manteo. At 0029, the pilot contacted Norfolk Approach and stated he was ready for takeoff on runway 01 at Elizabeth City. The controller instructed the pilot to fly runway heading and climb to 3,000 feet. At 0032, the controller advised the pilot that the flight was radar contact and for the pilot to fly heading 160 degrees. At 0034, the Norfolk Approach controller instructed the pilot to contact the FAA Washington Air Route Traffic Control Center. At 0034, the pilot of N1122Y contacted the controller at Washington Center, stating he was coming up on 3,000 feet. The controller acknowledged, and the pilot requested the non-directional beacon (NDB) approach to runway 5 at Dare County Airport, Manteo. At 0036, the controller instructed the pilot to fly heading 145 degrees for Manteo and fly direct to the NDB when he receives the signal. The pilot acknowledged and the controller also asked the pilot if he had the current weather for Manteo. The pilot responded that he did have the current weather. At 0043, the controller cleared the pilot for the NDB runway 5 approach at Manteo and to maintain 2,000 feet until the flight crossed the beacon outbound. The pilot acknowledged. At 0046, the controller informed the pilot that radar contact with the flight was lost and for the pilot to report a cancellation or a downtime on his radio frequency. The pilot acknowledged. At 0057:21, the controller called the pilot and the pilot responded by reporting the flight was procedure turn inbound. No further transmissions were received from the pilot. When the pilot did not report that he was on the ground, and further radio contact could not be established, controllers initiated search and rescue efforts. The wreckage of the airplane was located in the waters of Croatan Sound, about 1.5 miles west of the Dare County Regional Airport about 1000. The pilot was not located in the airplane. The body of the pilot was located in the waters of Croatan Sound on February 11, 2003. PERSONNEL INFORMATION The pilot held a FAA airline transport pilot certificate with airplane multiengine land and commercial privileges airplane single engine land ratings, last issued on November 21, 1989. The pilot held a FAA flight instructor certificate with airplane single engine, multiengine, and instrument airplane ratings, issued on February 26, 2001. The pilot held a FAA second-class medical certificate issued on April 22, 2002, with limitations that corrective lenses be worn while exercising the privileges of the certificate. According to the airplane operator, at the time of the accident the pilot had accumulated about 19,091 total flight hours, with about 500 hours in the Cessna 208. The pilot had about 15,500 total hours in single engine airplanes and about 3,500 hours in multiengine airplanes. The pilot had about 1,900 hours actual instrument time and 700 hours of night time. The pilot had flown about 43 flight hours in the last 90 days, 9 flight hours in the last 30 days, and 5 flight hours in the last 24 hours. The pilot had been off duty from December 10, 2002 until the evening of December 23, 2002. The pilot was hired by Telford Aviation, Inc. on April 4, 2000. He was qualified as pilot-in-command on the Cessna 208 in accordance with FAR Part 135 on April 5, 2000. The pilot received recurrent training in the Cessna 208 on October 2, 2002. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The airplane was a Cessna Aircraft Company model 208B, serial number 208B0392, manufactured in April 1994. At the time of the accident the airplane had accumulated about 5,229 total flight hours. The airplane was equipped with a Pratt and Whitney Canada, PT6A-114A turbo-propeller engine, which produces 675 shaft horsepower. The airplane was equipped with a McCauley model 3GFR34C703 propeller, which contained 3 blades. Maintenance records showed the airplane was last inspected on December 16, 2002, when it received a Phase 9 inspection in accordance with the Telford Aviation, Inc., Approved Aircraft Inspection Program (AAIP). At the time of the accident, the airplane had accumulated about 20 flight hours since this inspection, the engine had accumulated 5,029 total flight hours since new, and the propeller had accumulated 1,912 flight hours since major overhaul. The airplanes static system, altimeters, and transponder were last tested on December 12, 2001. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION The Dare County Regional Airport, Manteo, NC, 0100 surface weather observation was wind from 350 at 5 knots, visibility 3 statute miles in mist, ceiling overcast at 300 feet agl, temperature 12 degrees C, dew point temperature 12 degrees C, altimeter setting 29.54 inHg. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. A review of weather information was performed by a meteorologists with the NTSB, Operational Factors Division, Washington, DC. The review concluded that during the flight from Elizabeth City to Manteo, the flight did not encounter icing conditions. Another pilot who flew from Raleigh to New Bern and then to Manteo about the time of the accident stated they did not encounter icing conditions. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The airplane was located in about 15 feet of water in Croatan Sound, about 1.5 miles west of the Dare County Regional Airport and about .25 miles north of the approach course to runway 5. All components of the airplane were located on or around the airplane wreckage, except for the propeller and portions of the belly cargo pod. The airplane was recovered from the water on December 28, 2002. Examination of the airplane after recovery from the water showed that the aircraft structure was intact. The outboard right wing, belly cargo pod, nose landing gear, right main landing gear wheel, and engine mount had sustained damage from water impact and recovery operations. The undersides of the right and left wing had upward crushing of the skin. The propeller had separated from the engine propeller shaft when the ret ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with terrain/water, approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (ifr) - weather condition - low ceiling - minimum descent altitude - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - weather condition - drizzle/mist ## Aircraft - Registration: [N1122Y](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N1122Y-2004-08-10), registration cancelled 2004-08-10, S/N 208B0392, built 1994 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 208B - Registry model: [Cessna 208B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-208b) (registry code 2073701) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Pratt & Whitney PT6A series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/pratt-whitney-pt6a-series) (registry code 52032, turbo-prop) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 208B0392 - Airframe hours: 5229 - Engines: Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-114A 675 horsepower turbo prop - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Positioning, Part 91 - Operator: Telford Aviation, Inc. - Registered owner: Avion Capital Corporation - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: AAIP, December 16, 2002, 20 hours before - Departed: ECG, Elizabeth City, NC - Destination: MQI, Manteo, NC - Flight plan: IFR ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 62; injuries: fatal; airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review October 3, 2002; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 19,091 total, 500 in this make and model, 43 in the last 90 days, 9 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Night/dark - Wind: 350° at 5 knots - Visibility: 3 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 300 ft overcast - Temperature: 54 °F, dew point 54 °F - Altimeter: 29.54 inHg - Observed at: MQI, 2 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20021225036139A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20021225036139A), Dec 25, 2002: Cessna 208B, Manteo, NC, Substantial damage, 1 fatal. (-23) The pilot departed from ecg (elizabeth city municipal airport) enroute to mqi (Dare County Regional Airport). The pilot of N1122Y was in contact with… ## Docket (28 files) The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 21, 2004, on NTSB's docket system: https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=56241. - Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1 (item 1, .PDF, 487 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420748&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%2FOperator%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Report,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.1-Redacted.PDF - Aircraft Records (item 2, .PDF, 6.2 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420749&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Aircraft%20Records-Redacted.PDF - Meteorology 5 - NTSB Weather Information (item 3, .PDF): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40208159&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Meteorology%205%20-%20NTSB%20Weather%20Information-Master.PDF - Materials Laboratory 15 Information (item 4, .PDF, 38 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420750&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Materials%20Laboratory%2015%20Information-Redacted.PDF - Witness Statements (item 5, .PDF, 116 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420751&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Witness%20Statements-Redacted.PDF - Reports from Parties to the Investigation - FAA Inspector Statement (item 6, .PDF, 144 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420752&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Reports%20from%20Parties%20to%20the%20Investigation%20-%20FAA%20Inspector%20Statement-Redacted.PDF - Reports from Local Agencies - Sidney Dive Team (item 7, .PDF, 316 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420753&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Reports%20from%20Local%20Agencies%20-%20Sidney%20Dive%20Team-Redacted.PDF - Transcript of Radio Communications (item 8, .PDF, 98 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420754&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Transcript%20of%20Radio%20Communications-Redacted.PDF - Maps or Charts of Accident Area, Wreckage Diagrams (item 9, .PDF, 543 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40208171&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Maps%20or%20Charts%20of%20Accident%20Area,%20Wreckage%20Diagrams-Master.PDF - Maps or Charts of Accident Area, Wreckage Diagrams (item 10, .PDF, 880 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40208172&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Maps%20or%20Charts%20of%20Accident%20Area,%20Wreckage%20Diagrams-Master.PDF - Maps or Charts of Accident Area, Wreckage Diagrams (item 11, .PDF, 272 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40208173&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Maps%20or%20Charts%20of%20Accident%20Area,%20Wreckage%20Diagrams-Master.PDF - ATC Information (item 12, .PDF, 261 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420755&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=ATC%20Information-Redacted.PDF - Reports from Parties to the Investigation - Pratt and Whitney (item 13, .PDF, 63 photos, 4.1 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420756&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Reports%20from%20Parties%20to%20the%20Investigation%20-%20Pratt%20and%20Whitney-Redacted.PDF - Garmin Report (item 14, .PDF, 24 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420757&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Garmin%20Report-Redacted.PDF - Pilot Records (item 15, .PDF, 6.6 MB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420758&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Pilot%20Records-Redacted.PDF - Statement of Party Representatives to NTSB Investigation (item 16, .PDF, 327 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420759&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Statement%20of%20Party%20Representatives%20to%20NTSB%20Investigation-Redacted.PDF - Toxicological Report (item 17, .PDF, 471 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420760&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Toxicological%20Report-Redacted.PDF - Release of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15 (item 18, .PDF, 348 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40420761&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Release%20of%20Aircraft%20Wreckage,%20NTSB%20Form%206120.15-Redacted.PDF - Photo 1: View of airplane after recovery from Croatan Sound. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 19, .PDF, 169 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209105&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%201%3A%20View%20of%20airplane%20after%20recovery%20from%20Croatan%20Sound.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 2: View of airplane after recovery. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 20, .PDF, 180 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209106&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%202%3A%20View%20of%20airplane%20after%20recovery.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 3: View of airplane after recovery. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 21, .PDF, 162 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209107&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%203%3A%20View%20of%20airplane%20after%20recovery.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 4: View of airplane after recovery. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 22, .PDF, 169 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209108&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%204%3A%20View%20of%20airplane%20after%20recovery.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 5: View of engine. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 23, .PDF, 175 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209110&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%205%3A%20View%20of%20engine.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 6: View of tail section of airplane. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 24, .PDF, 156 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209113&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%206%3A%20View%20of%20tail%20section%20of%20airplane.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 7: View of propeller hub and propeller retaining bolts still in hub. Damage is consistent with water impact of the propeller. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 25, .PDF, 172 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209117&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%207%3A%20View%20of%20propeller%20hub%20and%20propeller%20retaining%20bolts%20still%20in%20hub.%20Damage%20is%20consistent%20with%20water%20impact%20of%20the%20propeller.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 8: View of pilot's instrument panel. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 26, .PDF, 175 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209118&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%208%3A%20View%20of%20pilot%27s%20instrument%20panel.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 9: View of control pedestal. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 27, .PDF, 179 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209119&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%209%3A%20View%20of%20control%20pedestal.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF - Photo 10: View of pilot's and standby altimeters. NTSB Digital Photo. (item 28, .PDF, 161 KB): https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket/Document/docBLOB?ID=40209120&FileExtension=.PDF&FileName=Photo%2010%3A%20View%20of%20pilot%27s%20and%20standby%20altimeters.%20NTSB%20Digital%20Photo.-Master.PDF From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.