# NTSB MIA84FA251: Cessna 402C, N89PB, Naples, FL, September 8, 1984

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report
- Date: September 7, 1984, 21:10 local (Sep 8, 1984, 01:10 UTC)
- Place: Naples, FL
- Location: 26.1987° N, 81.7368° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs from NTSB’s distance and direction from NAPLES MUNI (APF), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=26.1987&lon=-81.7368&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: Fatal
- Injuries: 1 fatal, 2 serious, 3 minor
- Status: Completed
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 31014
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA84FA251
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/31014/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA84FA251

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, climb - to cruise
  - fluid,fuel grade - improper (cause)
  - maintenance,service of aircraft/equipment - improper, ground personnel (cause)
  - habit interference, ground personnel (contributing factor)
  - inadequate surveillance,inadequate procedure, company/operator mgmt (contributing factor)
- Forced landing, landing - flare/touchdown
- In flight collision with terrain/water, landing - flare/touchdown
  - terrain condition - rough/uneven
  - wheels up landing - performed, pilot in command

## Analysis

SHORTLY AFTER TAKEOFF, BOTH ENGS LOST POWER & A WHEELS UP LANDING WAS MADE IN AN OPEN FIELD. THE ACFT WAS DESTROYED BY IMPACT & FIRE. AN INVESTIGATION REVEALED THAT THE ACFT HAD BEEN REFUEL WITH JET-A FUEL RATHER THAN 100 LOW LEAD AVGAS. THE LINEMAN HAD INADVERTENTLY USED THE JET-A FUEL TRUCK WHICH WAS IDENTICAL TO THE AVGAS TRUCK EXCEPT FOR A DECAL, APPX 4' BY 16', WHICH IDENTIFIED THE TYPE OF FUEL. THE LINEMAN STATED THAT HIS TRAINING CONSISTED OF APPX 30 MIN OF READING THE COMPANY MAINTENANCE MANUAL ON HOW TO REFUEL THE DIFFERENT COMPANY ACFT, THEN WAS GIVEN ON-THE-JOB TRAINING FOR A BRIEF TIME. WHEN HE WENT TO REFUEL N89PB PRIOR TO THE ACCIDENT FLT, HE WENT TO THE PARKING SPACE WHERE THE AVGAS TRUCK WAS NORMALLY PARKED, BUT ON THAT OCCASION, THE JET-A FUEL TRUCK WAS THERE.

## Aircraft

- Registration: N89PB (not matched to a registry record)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 402C
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 402C0650
- Airframe hours: 1495
- Engines: CONTINENTAL TSIO-520-VB 325 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Destroyed
- Fire: On-Ground
- Flight: Part 135
- Operator: Provincetown-Boston Airlines
- Registered owner: Provincetown-Boston Airlines
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: AAIP, September 6, 1984, 4 hours before
- Destination: TPA, TAMPA, FL
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: APF, Naples Muni, runway 4, 5,000 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 28; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 2,639 total, 412 in this make and model, 1,835 as pilot in command, 249 in the last 90 days, 4 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/bright
- Wind: 20° at 12 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 81 °F, dew point 70 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: FMY, 27 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19840907076829A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19840907076829A), Sep 7, 1984: Cessna 402C, Naples, FL, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Both engines lost power after takeoff. Landed gear up in field and fire erupted. Improperly fueled with jet fuel.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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