# NTSB MIA91FA123: Waco ASO, Lake Apopka, FL, April 16, 1991

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report
- Date: April 16, 1991, 12:24 local (16:24 UTC)
- Place: Lake Apopka, FL
- Coordinates: 28.559242, -81.349723 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.5592&lon=-81.3497&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: Fatal
- Injuries: 3 fatal
- Status: Completed, report March 31, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 32749
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA91FA123
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/32749/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA91FA123

## Probable cause

AN INADVERTENT STALL AND SPIN AT AN ALTITUDE THAT PRECLUDED RECOVERY.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Loss of control - in flight, maneuvering
  - airspeed(vs) - not maintained, pilot in command (cause)
  - stall/spin - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause)
- In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled
  - terrain condition - water

## Analysis

THE PURPOSE OF THE FLIGHT WAS TO FLY OVER A LAKE AND OBSERVE ALLIGATORS. A WITNESS OBSERVED THE BIPLANE DIVING AT THE LAKE AND PULLING UP MULTIPLE TIMES.  ON THE LAST PULL UP THE AIRPLANE SLOWED AND ENTERED A SPIN AT AN ALTITUDE TOO LOW TO ALLOW FOR RECOVERY.  THE AIRPLANE COLLIDED WITH THE LAKE.

## Aircraft

- Registration: NC7091 (not matched to a registry record)
- Reported make and model: WACO ASO
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: A-10
- Engines: CONTINENTAL W-670-GA 400 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Destroyed
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Operator: Roberta White
- Registered owner: Roberta White
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Aerobatic; Standard, Normal
- Departed: X61, ZELLWOOD, FL

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 61; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea, multi-engine land; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: rear; toxicology performed; flight hours: 4,000 total

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 240° at 9 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Temperature: 82 °F, dew point 68 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: MCO, 15 nm away

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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