# NTSB MIA91LA112: Piper PA-28R-200, N55516, Sanford, FL, March 27, 1991

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: March 27, 1991, 06:21 local (11:21 UTC)
- Place: Sanford, FL
- Coordinates: 28.780784, -81.270446 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.7808&lon=-81.2704&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Initial climb](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 2 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report January 25, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 32843
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA91LA112
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/32843/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA91LA112

## Probable cause

EXCESSIVE FLARE BY THE DUAL STUDENT DURING THE FORCED LANDING FOLLOWING A SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE SHORTLY AFTER TAKEOFF.  ALSO, FAILURE OF THE STUDENT TO MAINTAIN VS, AND FAILURE OF THE CFI TO TAKE REMEDIAL ACTION.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Miscellaneous/other, takeoff - initial climb
  - throttle/power control - reduced, pilot in command(cfi)
- Forced landing, descent - emergency
- Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown
  - flare - excessive, dual student (cause)
  - airspeed(vs) - not maintained, dual student (cause)
  - remedial action - not performed, pilot in command(cfi) (cause)

## Analysis

SHORTLY AFTER TAKEOFF AT 75-100 FT, THE CFI PULLED THE THROTTLE TO IDLE SIMULATION AN ENG FAILURE.  DURING THE FLARE TO LAND ON THE REMAINING RWY, THE STUDENT PITCHED THE NOSE TOO HIGH.  THE CFI ADVISED THE STUDENT TO APPLY POWER AND CORRECT THE EXCESSIVE PITCH, & HE ATTEMPTED TO APPLY THROTTLE BUT THE ACFT LANDED HARD.  UNAWARE OF THE DAMAGE, A STOP & GO LANDING WAS PERFORMED, & AFTER TAKEOFF WHEN THE GEAR WAS RETRACTED, THE GEAR IN TRANSIT LIGHT REMAIN ILLUMINATED. THE FLT RETURNED & AN UNEVENTFUL LANDING OCCURRED.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N55516](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N55516), registered now, S/N 28R-7335247, built 1973 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: PIPER PA-28R-200
- Registry model: [Piper PA-28R-200](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28r-200) (registry code 7102811) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Lycoming I0360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-i0360-series) (registry code 41515, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 28R-7335247
- Engines: LYCOMING IO-360-C1C 200 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Instructional, Part 91
- Operator: Comair Aviation Academy, Inc.
- Registered owner: Gulf Leasing, Inc.
- Airport: SFB, Sanford Regional, runway 9, 8,001 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 26; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine sea, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: right; flight hours: 829 total, 34 in this make and model, 705 as pilot in command, 193 in the last 90 days, 61 in the last 30 days, 6 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 180° at 4 knots
- Visibility: 6 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 12,000 ft broken
- Temperature: 68 °F, dew point 57 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: SFB, 1 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19910327045159A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19910327045159A), Mar 27, 1991: Piper PA28R200, Orlando, FL, Substantial damage. Made hard landing on instructional flight. CFI reported student blocked recovery. Damage found later.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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