# NTSB MIA92FA012: Cessna 177, N3288T, Green Cove Spgs, FL, October 11, 1991 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: October 11, 1991, 13:15 local (17:15 UTC) - Place: Green Cove Spgs, FL - Coordinates: 29.979995, -81.669136 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=29.9800&lon=-81.6691&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal, 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 5, 1993 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 32968 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA92FA012 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/32968/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92FA012 ## Probable cause (aircraft 2) THE PILOT IN COMMAND'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN A VISUAL LOOKOUT. ## Probable cause (aircraft 1) THE PILOT IN COMMAND'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN A VISUAL LOOKOUT AND FAILURE TO GIVE RIGHT OF WAY TO THE CONVERGING TRAFFIC. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Midair collision, cruise - visual lookout - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - diverted attention, pilot in command - Midair collision, cruise - visual lookout - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled ## Analysis (aircraft 2) THE PILOT OF THE CESSNA 177 WAS FLYING NORTHBOUND ON AN AERIAL OBSERVATION FLIGHT AND LOOKED DOWN INSIDE THE COCKPIT TO LOOK UP A FREQUENCY. WHEN HE LOOKED OUT AGAIN A CESSNA 152 WAS ABOUT 100 YARDS OFF HIS FRONT RIGHT AND CONVERGING AT THE SAME ALTITUDE. HE ATTEMPTED EVASIVE ACTION AND HIS LEFT WHEEL HIT THE CESSNA 152 LEFT WING AND BROKE THE OUTER WING PANEL. THE 152 LOST CONTROL AND SPIRALED TO THE LEFT AND CRASHED. THE CESSNA 177 LANDED SAFELY. ## Analysis (aircraft 1) THE PILOT OF THE CESSNA 177 WAS FLYING NORTHBOUND ON AN AERIAL OBSERVATION FLIGHT AND LOOKED DOWN INSIDE THE COCKPIT TO LOOK UP A FREQUENCY. WHEN HE LOOKED OUT AGAIN A CESSNA 152 WAS ABOUT 100 YARDS OFF HIS FRONT RIGHT AND CONVERGING AT THE SAME ALTITUDE. HE ATTEMPTED EVASIVE ACTION AND HIS LEFT WHEEL HIT THE CESSNA 152 LEFT WING AND BROKE THE OUTER WING PANEL. THE 152 LOST CONTROL AND SPIRALED TO THE LEFT AND CRASHED. THE CESSNA 177 LANDED SAFELY. ## Aircraft 1 - Registration: [N3288T](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N3288T-1997-02-18), registration cancelled 1997-02-18, S/N 17700588 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 177 - Registry model: [Cessna 177](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-177) (registry code 2073704) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17700588 - Airframe hours: 2223 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-E2D 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Minor damage - Flight: Aerial observation, Part 91 - Operator: Eagle Sky Patrol - Registered owner: Eagle Sky Patrol - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, February 1, 1991, 803 hours before - Departed: 28J, PALATKA, FL - Destination: 88J, ALLENDALE, SC ## Aircraft 2 - Registration: [N89296](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N89296-2011-07-25), registration cancelled 2011-07-25, S/N 15282705, built 1978 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 152 - Registry model: [Cessna 152](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-152) (registry code 2071835) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-235 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-235-series) (registry code 41505, 4 cycle) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 15282705 - Engines: LYCOMING O-235-L2C 110 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Bachorski, Chester S. - Registered owner: Bachorski, Chester S. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Unknown, January 2, 2000 - Departed: REYNOLDS ARPRK., FL - Destination: HALLER FIELD, FL ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot, aircraft N3288T; age 34; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 1,407 total, 750 in this make and model, 1,228 as pilot in command, 325 in the last 90 days, 147 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours - Pilot, aircraft N89296; age 57; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, expired; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 250 total ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 230° at 10 knots - Visibility: 7 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 82 °F, dew point 57 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: JAX, 7 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (2) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19911011046011A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19911011046011A), Oct 11, 1991: Cessna 177, Green Cove Spgs, FL, Minor damage. During calbe line patrol collided with N89296 that appeared off his right wing. Tried evasive maneuver prior impact - [Accident 19911011046012A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19911011046012A), Oct 11, 1991: Cessna 152, Green Cove Spri, FL, Destroyed, 1 fatal. During cruise flight left wing was struck by N3288T that was on converging course. Spiral dived to ground impact. ## Other investigations on N3288T (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB MKC69F0434](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MKC69F0434), Apr 24, 1969: Cessna 177 (N3288T), Creve Coeur, MO, substantial damage From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.