# NTSB MIA92LA189: Cessna 210L, N2013S, Orlando, FL, September 21, 1992

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: September 21, 1992, 15:47 local (19:47 UTC)
- Place: Orlando, FL
- Location: 28.5455° N, 81.3329° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at ORLANDO EXEC (ORL), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.5455&lon=-81.3329&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 1 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report May 26, 1993
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 33142
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA92LA189
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/33142/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA92LA189

## Probable cause

UNDETECTED CHAFFING AND GROUNDING OF A WIRE TO THE NOSE LANDING GEAR SQUAT SWITCH WHICH RESULTED IN THE LANDING GEAR BEING SIGNALLED AT ALL TIMES FOR GEAR UP WHEN ELECTRICAL POWER WAS APPLIED TO THE SYSTEM. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE OVERHEATING OF THE GEAR DOWN SOLENOID WHICH CAUSED IT TO STICK IN THE GEAR UP POSITION AND PREVENTED THE GEAR FROM BEING MANUALLY EXTENDED.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Airframe/component/system failure/malfunction, approach
  - landing gear,gear switch - chafed (cause)
  - landing gear,gear switch - closed (cause)
  - landing gear,normal retraction/extension assembly - overtemperature (cause)
  - landing gear,normal retraction/extension assembly - jammed (cause)
  - landing gear,emergency extension assembly - jammed (cause)
  - gear extension - not possible, pilot in command (cause)
- Gear not extended, landing - flare/touchdown

## Analysis

PILOT STATED THAT WHILE ATTEMPTING TO EXTEND THE LANDING GEAR THE GEAR HYDRAULIC MOTOR OPERATED BUT THE GEAR DID NOT EXTEND. AFTER SEVERAL SECONDS OF GEAR MOTOR OPERATION THE CIRCUIT BREAKER FOR THE GEAR MOTOR POPPED. FURTHER ATTEMPTS TO EXTEND THE GEAR BY NORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES WERE UNSUCCESSFUL. A GEAR UP LANDING WAS MADE. AFTER THE ACCIDENT THE AIRCRAFT WAS RAISED AND THE LANDING GEAR WAS EXTENDED BY USE OF THE MANUAL GEAR EXTENSION EMERGENCY HYDRAULIC PUMP. ACCORDING TO MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL A WIRE TO THE NOSE LANDING GEAR SQUAT SWITCH WAS CHAFFED AND GROUNDED WHICH CAUSED THE SYSTEM TO BE SIGNALLED FOR GEAR UP AT ALL TIMES. THEY FURTHER STATED THE PILOT COULD NOT EXTEND THE GEAR BY USE OF THE BACKUP HYDRAULIC PUMP BECAUSE THE GEAR DOWN SOLENOID HAD OVERHEATED DURING ATTEMPTS TO LOWER THE GEAR AND FROZE IN THE GEAR UP POSITION. AFTER THE SOLENOID COOLED AFTER LANDING THEY WERE ABLE TO MANUALLY LOWER THE GEAR.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N2013S](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N2013S-2015-10-01), registration cancelled 2015-10-01, S/N 21060981, built 1975 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 210L
- Registry model: [Cessna 210L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-210l) (registry code 2073448) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Continental IO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-series) (registry code 17032, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 21060981
- Airframe hours: 3691
- Engines: CONTINENTAL IO-520-L3B 285 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Part 135
- Operator: Flight Express, Inc.
- Registered owner: Flight Express, Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: Annual, September 17, 1992, 9 hours before
- Departed: PNS, PENSACOLA, FL
- Destination: CEW, CRESTVIEW, FL
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: ORL, Orlando Executive, runway 7, 5,998 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 30; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine land, single-engine sea; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 2,100 total, 600 in this make and model, 1,800 as pilot in command, 220 in the last 90 days, 80 in the last 30 days, 5 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 40° at 5 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 4,700 ft broken
- Temperature: 90 °F, dew point 73 °F
- Altimeter: 29.00 inHg
- Observed at: ORL, 1 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19920921037929A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19920921037929A), Sep 21, 1992: Cessna 210L, Orlando, FL, Substantial damage. Unable to extend landing gear. Landed gear up. Chafed wire disabled gear down solenoid.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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