# NTSB MIA93LA166: Cessna 414, N4232C, Lake City, FL, July 30, 1993

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: July 29, 1993, 22:02 local (Jul 30, 1993, 02:02 UTC)
- Place: Lake City, FL
- Location: 30.1886° N, 82.6422° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs: center of Lake City, FL, within about 6 miles (OpenAirDocs)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=30.1886&lon=-82.6422&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 3 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report July 25, 1994
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 37378
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA93LA166
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37378/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA93LA166

## Probable cause

THE FAILURE OF THE PILOT-IN-COMMMAND TO PROPERLY FLARE BEFORE TOUCHDOWN AND THE PILOT'S DECISION TO LAND WITH EXCESSIVE AIRSPEED. A CONTRIBUTING FACTOR WAS THE APREHENSION/ANXIETY OF THE PILOT DURING THE PRECAUTIONARY LANDING.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown
  - landing gear,tire - burst
  - flare - improper, pilot in command (cause)
  - anxiety/apprehension, pilot in command (contributing factor)
  - airspeed - excessive, pilot in command (cause)
- Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - roll
- On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll
  - terrain condition - ditch

## Analysis

THE PILOT OF THE TWIN ENGINE AIRPLANE ELECTED TO EXECUTE A PRECAUTIONARY LANDING SHORT OF HIS DESTINATION DUE TO AN ENGINE SURGE. HE LANDED FAST, LONG, AND HARD. THE TIRES BLEW ON LANDING AND THE AIRPLANE SWERVED OFF THE RUNWAY AND STRUCK A DITCH.

## Factual narrative

On July 29, 1994, about 2202 eastern daylight time, N4232C, a Cessna 414, registered to the pilot, Rocco Amuso, landed hard and collided with terrain, at Lake City, Florida, while on a 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and an IFR flight plan was filed. The airplane was substantially damaged and the pilot and two passengers were not injured. The flight originated from Jacksonville, Florida, about 45 minutes earlier.

The pilot stated he was deviating around weather at 10,000 feet when he noticed his right engine surging. He elected to execute a precautionary landing at Lake City, Florida. He landed fast, long and hard. The tires blew on impact and the airplane swerved off the runway striking a runway light, and collided with a ditch. Both wing spars, skin and main landing gears were damaged. Examination of the engines was conducted by a mechanic who stated that he could not locate any condition that would have caused the right engine to surge.

## Aircraft

- Registration: N4232C (not matched to a registry record)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 414
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 0532
- Airframe hours: 4022
- Engines: CONTINENTAL TSIO-520J 310 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Operator: Amuso, Rocco
- Registered owner: Air Stewart Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: Annual, April 5, 1993, 70 hours before
- Departed: JAX, JACKSONVILLE, FL
- Destination: BUF, BUFFALO, NY
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: 31J, Lake City, runway 28, 8,000 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 42; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 1,880 total, 70 in this make and model, 1,343 as pilot in command, 70 in the last 90 days, 38 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark
- Wind: 200° at 6 knots
- Visibility: 7 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 84 °F, dew point 75 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: GNV, 24 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19930729031189A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19930729031189A), Jul 29, 1993: Cessna 414, Lake City, FL, Substantial damage. Reported engine surge deviating weather. Diverted to 31J. Landed fast long and hard . Blew tires. Veered into ditch

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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