# NTSB MIA94LA109: Piper PA-44-180, N8303G, Bunnell, FL, April 2, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: April 2, 1994, 12:17 local (17:17 UTC) - Place: Bunnell, FL - Location: 29.4661° N, 81.2578° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs: center of Bunnell, FL, within about 7 miles (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=29.4661&lon=-81.2578&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report April 7, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 37519 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA94LA109 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37519/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA109 ## Probable cause FAILURE OF THE INSTRUCTOR PILOT (CFI) TO MAINTAIN MINIMUM CONTROL SPEED (VMC) DURING THE GO-AROUND, WHICH RESULTED IN A LOSS OF CONTROL. A FACTOR RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WAS: THE DELAY BY THE DUAL STUDENT TO EXTEND THE LANDING GEAR. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, go-around (vfr) - emergency procedure - simulated, pilot in command(cfi) - 1 engine - propeller feathering - performed - gear extension - delayed, dual student (contributing factor) - go-around - initiated, pilot in command(cfi) - airspeed(vmc) - not maintained, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - aircraft control - not maintained, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled ## Analysis WHILE IN THE TRAFFIC PATTERN, THE INSTRUCTOR PILOT (CFI) MOVED THE LEFT ENGINE MIXTURE CONTROL TO THE CUTOFF POSITION. THE FLIGHT TURNED TO A LEFT CROSSWIND, DOWNWIND AND BASE. ON BASE LEG, THE CFI FEATHERED THE LEFT ENGINE PROPELLER AND THE FLIGHT TURNED ONTO FINAL APPROACH. DURING THE FINAL APPROACH, THE PILOT OF ANOTHER AIRPLANE IN THE TRAFFIC PATTERN ANNOUNCED ON THE SAME FREQUENCY THAT THE LANDING GEAR WAS NOT EXTENDED. THE STUDENT PILOT EXTENDED THE LANDING GEAR SELECTOR HANDLE, AND THE CFI APPLIED FULL POWER ON THE RIGHT ENGINE TO GO AROUND. THE PILOTS REPORTED THAT THE AIRPLANE BEGAN TO CLIMB, THEN IT ENTERED MINIMUM CONTROL SPEED (VMC) AND ROLLED TO THE LEFT. THE LEFT WING CONTACTED THE GROUND, AND THE AIRPLANE CAME TO REST UPRIGHT. A POST-CRASH EXAM OF THE AIRPLANE REVEALED THAT THE LANDING GEAR WARNING HORN OPERATED NORMALLY. ## Factual narrative On April 2, 1994, about 1217 eastern standard time, a Piper PA-44-180, N8303G, registered to and operated by Phoenix East Aviation, Inc., was substantially damaged while landing at the Flagler County Airport, Bunnell, Florida, while on a 14 CFR Part 91 instructional flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed. The certified flight instructor (CFI), pilot-rated student, and observer were not injured. The flight originated from the Daytona Beach Regional Airport, Daytona Beach, Florida, about 1030. The CFI stated that after departure the student performed airwork then a full stop landing at the Flagler County Airport. During the upwind leg the CFI pulled the left engine mixture control to the cutoff position. The flight turned downwind then base during which the CFI feather the left engine propeller. The airplane turned final and during the flare for landing, the pilot of another airplane in the traffic pattern advised the flight that the landing gear was not extended. The student lowered the landing gear selector handle and the CFI applied full throttle on the right engine. The airplane rolled to the left and impacted the ground left wing low followed by the nose and right wing, coming to rest upright. Postaccident examination of the airplane by FAA certificated A & P mechanic revealed that the landing gear warning horn operated normally. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N8303G](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N8303G-1996-08-01), registration cancelled 1996-08-01, S/N 448195003 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-44-180 - Registry model: [Piper PA-44-180](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-44-180) (registry code 7104402) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 44-8195003 - Airframe hours: 7832 - Engines: LYCOMING O-360-E1A6D 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Phoenix East Aviation, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, March 15, 1994, 96 hours before - Departed: X47 - Destination: X47 - Airport: X47, Flagler County, runway 6, 4,755 × 200 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 34; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: right; flight hours: 1,831 total, 282 in this make and model, 1,633 as pilot in command, 238 in the last 90 days, 93 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 30° at 12 knots - Visibility: 15 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 4,800 ft broken - Temperature: 72 °F, dew point 52 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: DAB, 18 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19940402007349A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19940402007349A), Apr 2, 1994: Piper PA44180, Bunnell, FL, Substantial damage. CFI gave student left engine out. On final advised gear not down. CFI gave full power right engine. Rolled. Crashed From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.