# NTSB MIA94LA133: Cessna 170A, N9534A, Boca Raton, FL, May 6, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: May 6, 1994, 16:10 local (20:10 UTC) - Place: Boca Raton, FL - Coordinates: 26.370992, -80.100067 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=26.3710&lon=-80.1001&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 7, 1994 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 37541 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA94LA133 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37541/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA94LA133 ## Probable cause THE FAILURE OF THE PILOT TO MAINTAIN DIRECTIONAL CONTROL. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - on ground/water, landing - flare/touchdown - directional control - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - ground loop/swerve - inadvertent, pilot in command - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, landing - roll - terrain condition - ditch - Nose over, landing - roll ## Analysis DURING A SECOND TOUCH-AND-GO LANDING WITH THE WIND FROM 20 DEGREES TO THE RIGHT OF THE NOSE AT 14 KNOTS, THE AIRPLANE YAWED TO THE RIGHT OFF THE RUNWAY INTO A WATER RETENTION AREA AND NOSED OVER. THE PILOT STATED THAT THE ACCIDENT COULD HAVE BEEN PREVENTED BY EXECUTING AN IMMEDIATE GO-AROUND. ## Factual narrative On May 6, 1994, about 1610 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 170A, N9534A, registered to James H. Layman Jr., collided with terrain while landing at the Boca Raton Airport, Boca Raton, Florida, while on a 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed. The airplane was substantially damaged and the private-rated pilot and pilot-rated passenger were not injured. The flight originated from the Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, about 20 minutes earlier. The pilot stated that the flight departed the Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport and flew to the Boca Raton Airport where he performed one touch-and-go landing. The flight remained in the traffic pattern for another touch-and-go landing. After touchdown on the 150-foot wide runway the airplane yawed to the right, veered off the runway into a water retention area, and nosed over. When asked how could this accident have been prevented the pilot stated "execute an immediate go-around." The measurement from the centerline of the runway to the edge of the water retention area is 200 feet. According to a Florida DOT public transportation specialist one (PTS1), the water retention area is outside the clear safety zone of the runway. A weather observation taken at 1547 at the Pompano Beach Airpark indicated that the wind was from 070 degrees at 14 knots. The Pompano Beach Airpark is located about 184 degrees magnetic and 8 nautical miles south of the accident airport. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N9534A](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N9534A), registered now, S/N 19095, built 1949 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 170A - Registry model: [Cessna 170A](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-170a) (registry code 2072304) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental C145 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-c145-series) (registry code 17012, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 19095 - Airframe hours: 3804 - Engines: CONTINENTAL C-145-2 145 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Layman, James H. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, January 12, 1994, 17 hours before - Airport: BCT, Boca Raton, runway 5, 5,197 × 150 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 46; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 463 total, 162 in this make and model, 463 as pilot in command, 16 in the last 90 days, 8 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 70° at 14 knots - Visibility: 11 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: PMP, 8 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19940506010409A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19940506010409A), May 6, 1994: Cessna 170A, Baco Raton, FL, Substantial damage. Lost directional control landing. Veered off runway into water ditch 200 feet from runway. Failed to go around. ## Other investigations on N9534A (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB WPR23LA096](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/WPR23LA096), Jan 23, 2023: Cessna 170 (N9534A), Mesa, AZ, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll out and the preexisting fatigue cracks in the left main landing gear leg, which resulted in the leg’s premature overstress… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.