# NTSB MIA95LA031: Cessna 152, N67390, Indiantown, FL, November 22, 1994

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: November 22, 1994, 16:00 local (21:00 UTC)
- Place: Indiantown, FL
- Coordinates: 27.029891, -80.460548 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=27.0299&lon=-80.4605&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Takeoff](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 2 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report April 27, 1995
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 37702
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA95LA031
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37702/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA95LA031

## Probable cause

AN EVASIVE MANEUVER TO AVOID COLLISION WITH ANIMALS.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- On ground/water collision with object, takeoff - aborted
  - object - animal(s) (contributing factor)
  - aborted takeoff - performed, pilot in command(cfi) (contributing factor)
  - evasive maneuver - performed, pilot in command(cfi) (cause)
  - ground loop/swerve - intentional, pilot in command(cfi) (cause)
  - object - airport facility

## Analysis

THE FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR STATED HE WAS DEMONSTRATING A SOFT FIELD TAKEOFF TO THE STUDENT. SHORTLY AFTER THE AIRPLANE BECAME AIRBORNE, TWO DEER-SIZED ANIMALS APPEARED ON THE RUNWAY IN FRONT OF THE AIRPLANE. THE CFI ABORTED THE TAKEOFF AND STEERED THE AIRPLANE TO THE RIGHT TO AVOID THE ANIMALS. BRAKING ACTION WAS POOR ON THE ROUGH, MOIST RUNWAY AND THE AIRPLANE SLID FURTHER TO THE RIGHT COLLIDING WITH AN OLD TIRE USED TO MARK THE SIDE OF THE TURF RUNWAY.

## Factual narrative

On November 22, 1994, about 1600 eastern standard time, a Cessna 152, N67390, registered to Demetrio Bravo, collided with a runway marker during takeoff at Indiantown Airport, Indiantown, Florida, while on a 14 CFR Part 91 instructional flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed. The aircraft received substantial damage and the commercial-rated flight instructor and dual-student were not injured. The flight was originating at the time of the accident.

The flight instructor stated that he was demonstrating a soft field takeoff to the student. During the takeoff two deer sized animals appeared on the runway and one proceeded toward the aircraft. He aborted the takeoff and deviated to the right of center line to avoid collision with the animal. He held elevator control to keep the nose wheel off the turf runway and braking action was poor on the rough runway. Maintaining directional control was difficult and the aircraft hydroplaned on the moisture in the ground. The aircraft drifted to the right and collided with an old tire which was used to mark the runway. The tire damaged the aircraft.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N67390](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N67390-2013-05-01), registration cancelled 2013-05-01, S/N 15281806, built 1978 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 152
- Registry model: [Cessna 152](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-152) (registry code 2071835) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-235 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-235-series) (registry code 41505, 4 cycle) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 15281806
- Airframe hours: 6580
- Engines: LYCOMING O-235-L2C 110 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Instructional, Part 91
- Operator: Wyman Aviation
- Registered owner: Demetrio Bravo
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility
- Last inspection: 100 hour, September 12, 1994, 30 hours before
- Destination: OPF, OPA LOCKA, FL
- Airport: X58, Indiantown, runway 31, 6,300 × 250 ft, grass/turf

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 24; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: right; flight hours: 676 total, 515 in this make and model, 553 as pilot in command, 269 in the last 90 days, 102 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 20° at 8 knots
- Visibility: 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 68 °F
- Altimeter: 30.00 inHg
- Observed at: PBI, 33 nm away

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19941122047729A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19941122047729A), Nov 22, 1994: Cessna 152, Indiantown, FL, Substantial damage. During short field takeoff demo. 2 large animals appeared on runway. CFI aborted veered to miss, hit marker.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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