# NTSB MIA96LA002: Cessna T210M, N6508B, Apopka, FL, October 4, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: October 4, 1995, 12:00 local (16:00 UTC) - Place: Apopka, FL - Coordinates: 28.680339, -81.509017 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=28.6803&lon=-81.5090&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report December 4, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 37925 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA96LA002 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37925/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA002 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO PERFORM FUEL CONSUMPTION CALCULATIONS FOR THE FLIGHT WHICH RESULTED IN A LOSS OF ENGINE POWER DUE TO FUEL EXHAUSTION. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, cruise - normal - fluid,fuel - exhaustion (cause) - fuel consumption calculations - not performed, pilot in command (cause) - Forced landing, emergency landing - On ground/water collision with object, landing - roll ## Analysis THE PILOT STATED HE DID NOT PERFORM ANY FUEL CONSUMPTION CALCULATION BEFORE DEPARTING ON THE FLIGHT. HE ESTIMATED HE HAD ABOUT 1 INCH TO 1 1/2 INCHES OF FUEL PRESENT IN THE LEFT AND RIGHT FUEL TANKS, AND ADDED 10 GALLONS OF FUEL TO EACH FUEL TANK. HE FLEW TO HIS INTERMEDIATE STOP, PICKED UP HIS PASSENGER, AND DEPARTED FOR HIS DESTINATION AIRPORT. UPON LEVELING THE AIRPLANE AT 1,800 FEET AGL, THE ENGINE STARTED TO RUN ROUGH. HE SWITCHED FUEL TANKS AND TURNED THE BOOST PUMP ON HIGH. THE ENGINE SMOOTHED OUT AND HE TURNED THE BOOST PUMP OFF. ABOUT 3 MINUTES LATER THE ENGINE STARTED RUNNING ROUGH AGAIN AND HE REPEATED THE SAME STEPS WITH NEGATIVE RESULTS. A FORCED LANDING WAS MADE TO THE ONLY AVAILABLE LANDING AREA, AND THE AIRPLANE COLLIDED WITH A FENCE POST. EXAMINATION OF THE FUEL SYSTEM BY THE FAA REVEALED THE FUEL TANKS WERE NOT RUPTURED. ONE PINT OF FUEL WAS PRESENT IN THE FUEL SYSTEM. THE PILOT STATED, 'I MADE A MISTAKE OF TRUSTING THE FUEL GAGES AND RAN THE AIRPLANE OUT OF FUEL'. ## Factual narrative On October 4, 1995, about 1200 eastern daylight time, a Cessna T210M, N6508B, registered to Discovery Aviation Center Inc., operating as a 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight, experienced a rough running engine in cruise flight. The pilot made a forced landing and the airplane collided with a pole sustaining substantial damage. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed. The airline transport pilot and pilot rated passenger reported no injuries. The flight originated from Leesburg Airport, Leesburg, Florida, about 12 minutes before the accident. The pilot stated he checked the fuel tanks during the preflight inspection and estimated that he had about 1 inch to 1 1/2 inches of fuel in the left and right fuel tanks. He further stated that he did not perform any fuel consumption calculations for the flight, and 10 gallons of fuel was added to each fuel tank. He flew to his intermediate stop, picked up a passenger and departed for his destination airport. While in cruise flight at 1,800 feet agl, the airplane engine started to run rough. He switched fuel tanks and turned the boost pump on high. The engine smoothed out. About 3 minutes later the engine started running rough again. He repeated the same procedure and the engine continued to run rough. He made a forced landing to the only available landing area. On landing rollout the airplane collided with a fence post. Examination of the fuel system was accomplished by the FAA in the presence of the pilot. The fuel tanks were not ruptured and a pint of fuel was present. The pilot stated to the NTSB investigator-in-charge, "I made a mistake of trusting the fuel gages and ran the airplane out of fuel". ## Aircraft - Registration: N6508B (not matched to a registry record) - Reported make and model: CESSNA T210M - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 21062777 - Airframe hours: 2600 - Engines: CONTINENTAL TSIO-520M 310 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Discovery Aviation Center Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, October 24, 1995, 50 hours before - Departed: LEE, LEESBURG, FL - Destination: TIX, TITUSVILLE, FL ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 30; airline transport, flight engineer; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 4,500 total, 500 in this make and model, 4,300 as pilot in command, 90 in the last 90 days, 40 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 170° at 30 knots - Visibility: 7 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 25,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 93 °F, dew point 79 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: ORL, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19951004030939A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19951004030939A), Oct 4, 1995: Cessna T210M, Apopka, FL, Substantial damage. Rough engine. Collided fence pole landing. Fuel tanks empty. Pilot reported trusted gauges and ran out of fuel. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.