# NTSB MIA96LA034: Cessna 172M, N12245, Madison, MS, December 4, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 4, 1995, 13:15 local (19:15 UTC) - Place: Madison, MS - Coordinates: 32.450683, -90.099975 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=32.4507&lon=-90.1000&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 4 uninjured - Status: Completed, report February 8, 1996 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 37955 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA96LA034 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37955/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA034 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S PREMATURE RAISING OF FLAPS DURING A GO-AROUND. ## Analysis THE PILOT STATED THAT WHILE ON FINAL APPROACH WITH FULL FLAPS THE AIRPLANE STARTED SINKING. HE ADDED FULL POWER FOR A GO-AROUND AND RAISED THE FLAPS, BUT THE AIRPLANE CONTINUED SINKING UNTIL THE LEFT WING STRUCK THE RUNWAY. THE AIRPLANE SKIDDED TO THE LEFT AND CAME TO REST IN A SMALL DITCH. THE FLAPS WERE FOUND IN THE UP POSITION. THE OWNER'S MANUAL STATES TO REDUCE THE WING FLAP SETTING TO 20 DEGREES IMMEDIATELY AFTER FULL POWER IS APPLIED IN A BALKED LANDING (GO-AROUND) CLIMB. WEATHER INFORMATION FOR THE TIME PERIOD OF THE ACCIDENT REVEALED NO RECORD OF TURBULENCE, DOWNDRAFTS, GUSTS, OR WINDSHEAR. THE WINDS REMAINED OUT OF THE EAST NORTHEAST AT 3 TO 4 KNOTS. ## Factual narrative On December 4, 1995, about 1315 central standard time, a Cessna 172M, N12245, registered to a private owner, operating as a 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight, crashed during a go-around at Bruce Campbell Field, Madison, Mississippi. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed. The airplane sustained substantial damage. The private pilot and three passengers reported no injuries. The flight originated from Atlanta, Georgia, about 3 hours before the accident. The pilot stated to the FAA that he was attempting to land on runway 17 with full flaps when the airplane started sinking. He added full power and raised the flaps. The airplane continued sinking until the left wing struck the runway. The airplane skidded to the left and came to rest in a small ditch. Examination of the airplane by the FAA revealed the flaps were found in the up position. The pilot stated in the NTSB Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report that the airplane started sinking on final approach, and he was unable to control the sink rate. He applied full power and the left wing, propeller, and right wing collided with the ground. He stated the cause of the accident was a change in wind direction or possible wind shear. Review of weather information obtained from Jackson, Mississippi, for the time period of the accident revealed no recorded record of turbulence, downdrafts, gusts, or windshear. The winds remained out of the east northeast at 3 to 4 knots. The Cessna Model 172 Owner's Manual, Section II Description And Operating Details, Balked Landing (Go-Around) states, in a balked landing (go-around) climb, reduce the wing flap setting to 20 degrees immediately after full power is applied. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, go-around (vfr) - raising of flaps - premature, pilot in command (cause) - stall/mush - inadvertent, pilot in command - In flight collision with terrain/water, go-around (vfr) ## Aircraft - Registration: [N12245](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N12245), registered now, S/N 17261905, built 1973 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 172M - Registry model: [Cessna 172M](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172m) (registry code 2072418) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 172-61905 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-E2D 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Gan R. Aru - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: FTY, ATLANTA, GA - Destination: MBO - Airport: MBO, Bruce Campbell Field, runway 17, 4,444 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 45; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 600 total, 385 in this make and model ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 70° at 4 knots - Visibility: 5 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 1,000 ft overcast - Temperature: 59 °F, dew point 55 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: JAN, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19951204039549A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19951204039549A), Dec 4, 1995: Cessna 172M, Madison, MS, Substantial damage. High sink rate on final. Added full power to correct but also dumped flaps. Collided with ground. Misuse of flaps. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.