# NTSB MIA96LA086: North American SNJ-5, N4LH, West Palm Beach, FL, February 23, 1996 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: February 23, 1996, 11:35 local (16:35 UTC) - Place: West Palm Beach, FL - Coordinates: 26.790693, -80.209808 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=26.7907&lon=-80.2098&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report May 9, 1996 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 37984 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA96LA086 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37984/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA086 ## Probable cause Failure of the pilot to maintain adequate altitude/clearance above the water, while performing a low level maneuver (wing over). The pilot's ostentatious display of aerobatic flight was a related factor. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with terrain/water, maneuvering - aerobatics - initiated, pilot in command - terrain condition - water - altitude/clearance - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - ostentatious display, pilot in command (contributing factor) ## Analysis Several witnesses observed the airplane flying over water about 1 to 2 miles east of the coastline. The airplane was observed to dive towards a boat. It then pulled up and performed a maneuver described as a wing-over to the left. The airplane was observed to dive again. During the pull up, the tail section of the airplane collided with the water. Only portions of the airplane were recovered. ## Factual narrative On February 23, 1996, about 1135 eastern standard time, a North American SNJ-5, N4LH, registered to World War Two Warbirds, leased to North American Top Gun, crashed while maneuvering in the vicinity of Palm Beach Inlet, West Palm Beach, Florida. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed. Some components of the airplane were recovered and the airplane is presumed to be destroyed. The commercial pilot was fatally injured. The flight originated from North County Airport, West Palm Beach, Florida, at an undetermined time. Witnesses observed the airplane flying from west to east about 1/2 mile north of Palm Beach Inlet and 1 to 2 miles east of the coastline over the water. The airplane was observed to dive towards a boat. The airplane pulled up over the water at about 50 feet and performed a maneuver described as a wing over to the left. The airplane was observed to dive again and during the pull up the tail section of the airplane collided with the water. The President of North American Top Gun Inc., and the Assistant Chief Pilot stated the flight was not authorized or approved by the owner or the operator at the time of the accident. Only the left and right wing, rear cockpit power quadrant, and left side rail were recovered. The landing gear and flap system were found in the retracted position. Examination of the left and right wing, and flight control cables revealed no evidence of a precrash failure or malfunction. Post-mortem examination of the pilot was conducted by Dr. Stephen Nelson, Palm Beach County Medical Examiner's Office, Palm Beach, Florida, on February 23, 1996. The cause of death was drowning. Post-mortem toxicology studies of specimens from the pilot was performed by the Palm Beach County Sheriff's Laboratory. These studies were negative for alcohol. A comprehensive drug screen by fluorescence polarization immunoassay and gas liquid chromatography revealed no drugs were detected. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N4LH](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N4LH-1998-09-22), registration cancelled 1998-09-22, S/N 85047 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: NORTH AMERICAN SNJ-5 - Registry model: [North American SNJ-5](https://openairdocs.org/model/north-american-snj-5) (registry code 6400418) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 85047 - Airframe hours: 7432 - Engines: P&W R-1340-AN1 600 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: North American Top Gun - Registered owner: World War Two Warbirds, Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, January 2, 1996, 59 hours before - Departed: F45, PALM BEACH, FL ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 32; flight instructor, commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: front; toxicology performed; flight hours: 3,360 total, 400 in this make and model, 3,150 as pilot in command, 60 in the last 90 days, 40 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Visibility: 12 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 66 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: PBI, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19960223002549A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19960223002549A), Feb 23, 1996: Namer SNJ5, Palm Beach, FL, Destroyed, 1 fatal. Tail struck water while pilot was buzzing boats in inlet and rolls at low altitude. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.