# NTSB MIA96LA225: Cessna A188B, N53109, Winona, MS, September 3, 1996 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: September 3, 1996, 12:30 local (17:30 UTC) - Place: Winona, MS - Coordinates: 33.479225, -89.719779 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=33.4792&lon=-89.7198&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report April 29, 1997 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 38083 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA96LA225 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/38083/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA96LA225 ## Probable cause improper maintenance of the airplane by the unqualified pilot/owner, by providing inadequate clearance between a flexible oil hose and a heat shield, which resulted in chafing of the hose, an oil leak, and subsequent oil starvation. A factor relating to the accident was: rough terrain in the emergency landing area. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power, cruise - lubricating system,oil hose - chafed (cause) - maintenance - improper, unqualified person (cause) - fluid,oil - leak (cause) - fluid,oil - starvation (cause) - Forced landing, emergency descent/landing - Gear collapsed, emergency landing - terrain condition - rough/uneven (contributing factor) - landing gear,main gear - overload ## Analysis The airplane owner/pilot stated that after completion of an aerial application flight, while returning to reload, he noticed smoke in the cockpit, then the engine lost power. The pilot initiated a forced landing in a cotton field. During the landing roll, the left main landing gear wheel separated after contact with a depression. Examination of the airplane at the accident site revealed oil on the fuselage and in the engine compartment area. The oil had come from a hole in a flexible hose that was connected to the outlet of the oil cooler. The hole was adjacent to a heat shield. The owner/pilot, who was not an A & P mechanic, had performed repairs to a baffle in the engine compartment area about 2 to 3 weeks before the accident. After the repair, there was insufficient clearance between the flexible oil hose and the heat shield. ## Factual narrative On September 3, 1996, about 1230 central daylight time, a Cessna A188B, privately registered, experienced a loss of engine power and was substantially damaged during a forced landing near Winona, Mississippi. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed for the 14 CFR Part 137 aerial application flight. The commercial-rated pilot was not injured. The time of departure has not been determined. The pilot/airplane owner stated to an FAA inspector that he had completed his spray operations and was returning to his base of operation when smoke entered the cockpit. He then reduced power and the smoke dissipated, but when he reapplied power the engine did not respond. He landed in a cotton field and after touchdown with obstructions ahead, he attempted to maneuver to avoid the obstructions. The left main landing gear traveled into a depression separating the landing gear wheel, and the airplane then nosed up and came to rest upright. Examination of the airplane revealed oil externally on the fuselage and in the engine compartment area. Examination of the engine compartment revealed a hole chaffed in a flexible hose from the outlet of the oil cooler. Only 2 quarts of oil registered on the oil dipstick. The oil capacity of the engine is 12 quarts. The airplane owner/pilot stated that he is not an airframe or powerplant mechanic and he had about 2 or 3 weeks before the accident, repaired engine baffling located on the right forward side of the engine. This required loosening of "B" nuts at the engine crankcase for the inlet and outlet hoses to and from the oil cooler. After tightening of the "B" nuts for the hoses following repair to the baffle, the outlet hose was too close to a heat shield between the engine exhaust for cylinder Nos. 1, 3, and 5. The owner/pilot also stated that he performed the repair after the annual inspection which was performed on March 14, 1996. The airplane had been operated for about 50 hours since the repair to the baffle. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N53109](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N53109-2005-04-08), registration cancelled 2005-04-08, S/N 18801628T, built 1974 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna A188B - Registry model: [Cessna A188B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-a188b) (registry code 2073005) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental IO-520 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-io-520-series) (registry code 17032, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18801628T - Airframe hours: 5372 - Engines: Continental IO-520-D 300 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Aerial application, Part 137 - Operator: Winona Flying Service - Registered owner: Joseph C. Harmon Jr. - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Restricted (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, March 14, 1996, 44 hours before ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 51; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: center; flight hours: 5,800 total, 4,000 in this make and model, 5,800 as pilot in command, 75 in the last 90 days, 75 in the last 30 days, 6 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 330° at 6 knots - Visibility: 7 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 84 °F, dew point 64 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: GWO ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19960903026159A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19960903026159A), Sep 3, 1996: Cessna A188B, Winona, MS, Substantial damage. Lost power returning to base. Smoke in cockpit. Owner allowed oil cooler hose to chafe rupturing same. Lost oil. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.