# NTSB MIA99FA224: Piper PA-28-140, N754AR, Pembroke Pines, FL, August 13, 1999 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: August 13, 1999, 17:44 local (21:44 UTC) - Place: Pembroke Pines, FL - Coordinates: 26.030855, -80.239341 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=26.0309&lon=-80.2393&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Takeoff](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/300) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 2 fatal - Status: Completed, report May 9, 2001 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 47054 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=MIA99FA224 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/47054/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/MIA99FA224 ## Probable cause The failure of the pilot to maintain airspeed and inadvertent stall of the airplane by the pilot-in-command resulting in the uncontrolled descent and in-flight collision with a house. Contributing factors in the accident were the loss of engine power due to undetermined reasons, the operation of the airplane by the pilot-in-command under the influence of marijuana contrary to federal regulations, and the unsuitable terrain encountered after takeoff. A finding in the investigation was the operation of the airplane by the pilot-in-command contrary to federal regulations for his use of antidepressant medication which he was warned against. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power, takeoff - reason for occurrence undetermined (contributing factor) - Loss of control - in flight, maneuvering - turn to reverse direction - unsuitable terrain or takeoff/landing/taxi area - encountered, pilot in command (contributing factor) - airspeed(vs) - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - impairment(drugs), pilot in command (contributing factor) - stall - inadvertent, pilot in command (cause) - use of inappropriate medication/drug, pilot in command - In flight collision with object, descent - uncontrolled - object - residence ## Analysis The accident airplane was parked for an undetermined number of days with less than full fuel tanks. The day of the accident, 37.5 gallons of fuel were added before departure. A pilot-rated witness reported that shortly after takeoff, the airplane was lower than expected near the departure end of the runway; the wings were rocking and the airplane was 'floaty'. A witness across the street from the crash site who is an automobile mechanic reported the engine was missing/stalling, the angle of bank increased to 90 degrees before the airplane descended and crashed into a house located in a residential area east of the airport. Examination of the flight controls and engine power section revealed no evidence of preimpact failure or malfunction; the carburetor was destroyed by impact and postcrash fire. Testing of the fuel source revealed no contamination. The sealing surface on the right fuel tank was corrosion pitted. The fuel selector was found approximately 1/2 way on the 'left' position; no damage to the shaft was noted. Fuel starvation approximately 25-30 seconds after full power applied to a 180 horsepower engine with the fuel selector positioned approximately as found was noted during testing. Marijuana and antidepressant medication were detected in blood specimen of the pilot, contrary to federal regulations. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On August 13, 1999, about 1744 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-28-140, N754AR, registered to Rubin & Rubin P.A., crashed into a house shortly after takeoff from the North Perry Airport, Pembroke Pines, Florida. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and a visual flight rules (VFR) flight plan was filed for the 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight. The airplane was destroyed and the private-rated pilot and one passenger were fatally injured. The house sustained fire and impact damage and there were no reported injuries to the four individuals in the house at the time of the accident. The flight originated approximately 2 minutes earlier. According to a transcription of communications with the North Perry Air Traffic Control Tower (HWO ATCT), at 1739:01, the pilot contacted the combined local/ground position and advised that the flight was at Hollywood Aviation with Automated Terminal Information Service (ATIS) information "Delta", departing to the east. The controller cleared the pilot to taxi to runway 9R, and at 1741:29, the pilot advised the controller that the flight was ready for departure eastbound from runway 9R. The flight was cleared to takeoff at 1741:33, which was acknowledged by the pilot. There were no further recorded radio transmissions from the pilot. According to a pilot-rated witness standing outside hangars located east and south of the departure end of runway 09R, he saw the airplane climbing out of runway 9R. He reported, "It was unusually low considering its location. It reached about 150' then leveled off-the nose then pitched down slightly then back up and the wings rocked a little...." The airplane appeared to "slow down" and looked "floaty". The airplane then "started a slow left bank becoming steeper, then disappeared from view behind a hangar. Approx [approximately] 10 secs [seconds] later a black smoke could be seen rising from the ground. No unusual sound but engine noise was less than normal sound heard from aircraft in same vicinity." According to another witness who is an automobile mechanic and was located across the street from where the airplane crashed, he first heard the engine which sounded like it was missing/stalling, and observed the airplane flying eastbound approximately 100 feet above ground level. He then observed the airplane banking to the left which increased to a wings vertical position. The airplane then descended, crashed into the house, and an explosion and fire occurred 5-10 seconds after the impact. He did not observe any smoke before the accident. PERSONNEL INFORMATION Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) records indicate that the pilot was the holder of a private pilot certificate with a single engine land rating. Review of a certified copy of the pilot's medical file from the FAA indicated he was issued a third class medical certificate on July 6, 1998. The pilot indicated on the application that he was not taking any medication and his total flight time to date was approximately 350 hours. His previous third class medical certificate was dated June 19, 1996. The application for the 1996 medical indicated he was taking "Paxil 40mg/day", for depression. The pilot was advised by the FAA in August 1996, that "By virtue of your history of depression and present use of disqualifying medication (Paxil), it has been determined that you are not qualified for any class of medical certificate at this time." The pilot's doctor wrote a letter to the FAA dated January 28, 1997, advising that the pilot "...has been off of Paxil since October 30, 1996 and has been doing excellent." The FAA advised the pilot in a letter dated February 14, 1997, that "...you are eligible for a third class medical certificate." The letter also stated, "Because of your history of depression, operation of aircraft is prohibited at any time new symptoms or adverse changes occur or any time medication is required." Copies of excerpts of the pilot's medical file are an attachment to this report. Review of a copy of the pilot's pilot logbook containing entries from July 30, 1970, to the last entry May 26, unknown year, revealed he had accumulated a total of 251.2 hours. This time is exactly the time listed as the "Total Pilot Time To Date" on the application for a third class medical certificate dated June 19, 1996. No determination was made as to the date of the pilots last biennial flight review. AIRCRAFT INFORMATION The aircraft was registered in the name Rubin & Rubin, P.A., on June 11, 1996. The airplane was inspected last in accordance with an annual inspection of September 18, 1998, at a tachometer time of 5,658.61 hours. The engine was inspected last in accordance with a 100-hour inspection the same day; the estimated engine total time since major overhaul at that time was 1,851.61 hours. The differential compression check of each cylinder performed during the inspection indicated all cylinders were 73 psi or greater. The engine oil was changed three times since the annual/100-hour inspection, the last time occurring on July 7, 1999. The airplane had accumulated approximately 74 hours at the last oil change since the annual/100-hour inspection. No determination was made how much time the airplane had been operated since the last oil change. The permanent maintenance records were not located. METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION A special weather observation taken at the Hollywood North Perry Airport at 1746 indicates the wind was from 190 degrees at 4 knots, 10 statute miles visibility, clear, the temperature and dew point were approximately 82 degrees and 73 degrees Fahrenheit, respectively, and the altimeter setting was 29.89 inHg. COMMUNICATIONS Transcriptions of communications with the North Perry Air Traffic Control Tower are an attachment to this report. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION The airplane crashed into a house located at 7051 SW 12th Street, which was located at 25 degrees 59.983 minutes North Latitude and 080 degrees 13.729 minutes West Longitude. The house is located in a residential area east of the airport. The distance from the departure end of runway 9R to the house was approximately .3 nautical mile and 071 degrees. Examination of the accident site revealed the airplane impacted the front of the house that faces south adjacent to the southwest bedroom. The left wing of the airplane was on the ground in front of the house and a section of the right wing and left horizontal stabilator were on the roof of the house. The engine with attached propeller, firewall, and instrument panel were found in the southwest bedroom of the house adjacent to the impact location. The airplane was destroyed by impact and post crash fire. No ground scars were noted on the driveway of the house. A vehicle parked in the driveway was destroyed by the postcrash fire,and exhibited slight impact damage by an unknown part of the airplane. The house was impact and fire damaged. Medication (Venlafaxine) was found inside luggage that was recovered from the airplane. Additionally, located in a purse that contained the driver's license of the passenger was a small gold colored pouch that contained three small unburned envelopes each containing a green leafy substance. The envelopes were retained for testing (see Tests and Research section of this report). The airplane was recovered for further examination. Examination of the airplane wreckage revealed that both wings were nearly consumed by the fire. The left fuel cap was in place, the right fuel cap was not located. The finger screen at the outlet of the left fuel tank was clean. Examination of the fuel cap sealing surface of the right fuel tank revealed corrosion pits. Examination of the fuel cap sealing surface of the left fuel tank revealed slight corrosion. Aileron flight control cable continuity was confirmed. Examination of the rudder control cab ## Aircraft - Registration: [N754AR](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N754AR-2012-06-18), registration cancelled 2012-06-18, S/N 2825979, built 1969 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Piper PA-28-140 - Registry model: [Piper PA-28-140](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-140) (registry code 7102802) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 28-25979 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-E2A 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Fire: On-Ground - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Operator: Andrew S. Rubin - Registered owner: Rubin & Rubin Pa - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility - Last inspection: Annual, September 18, 1998 - Departed: HWO - Destination: SPANISH CAY, OF - Flight plan: VFR - Airport: HWO, North Perry Airport, runway 9R, 3,000 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 45; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, unknown; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 350 total ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 190° at 4 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 82 °F, dew point 73 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: HWO, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19990813012019A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19990813012019A), Aug 13, 1999: Piper PA28140, Hollywood, FL, Destroyed, 2 fatal. Acft lost power on take-off and crashed into a house approximately 1/4 mile from the arpt on 72nd avenue, the acft was destroyed, and the 2 POB suffered fatal… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.