# NTSB NYC03CA156: Mooney M20C, N33WL, Utica, OH, July 13, 2003 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Data collection · Final report - Date: July 12, 2003, 20:30 local (Jul 13, 2003, 03:30 UTC) - Place: Utica, OH - Coordinates: 40.244167, -82.551391 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.2442&lon=-82.5514&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Enroute](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/400) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor - Status: Completed, report January 24, 2005 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: Federal Aviation Administration - NTSB case key (mKey): 57453 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC03CA156 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/57453/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC03CA156 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper fuel consumption calculations, which resulted in fuel exhaustion. A factor was the unsuitable terrain. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, cruise - normal - fuel consumption calculations - improper, pilot in command (cause) - fluid,fuel - exhaustion (cause) - Forced landing, descent - emergency - On ground/water encounter with terrain/water, emergency landing - airspeed - not maintained, pilot in command - terrain condition - none suitable (contributing factor) - flare - not possible, pilot in command ## Analysis The pilot reported that he planned on a 3.2 hour flight with four legs. He departed with 32 gallons of fuel onboard and thought that it was sufficient for the flight and 30 minutes of reserve. He also reported that he based his flight planning on flying at 105 knots (120 mph); however, he used a higher power setting and the airplane cruised at 120 knots (138 mph). On the last leg, as the pilot neared his destination airport, the engine lost power and he performed an off-airport, forced landing. The pilot lost airspeed as he cleared a line of trees. He then lowered the nose, and when he tried to flare, the nose would not come up. The airplane struck the ground in a nose-low attitude, and the nosewheel "drove" into the soft terrain. The pilot reported that the power loss was due to fuel exhaustion. The pilot also reported that he did not verify the fuel quantity onboard the airplane prior to his last departure. A check of the pilot's route revealed that he flew near two airports where he could have landed and refueled prior to experiencing fuel exhaustion. ## Factual narrative On July 12, 2003, about 2030 eastern daylight time, a Mooney M20C, N33WL, was substantially damaged during a forced landing in Utica, Ohio. The certificated private pilot received minor injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the personal flight that departed Darby Dan Airport (6I6), Galloway, Ohio. No flight plan had been filed for the flight that was destined for Knox County Airport (4I3), Mount Vernon, Ohio, and was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. According to a written statement from the pilot, he performed a preflight of the airplane prior to an initial departure from Knox County Airport, and determined that there were 20 gallons of fuel in the left wing tank, and 12 gallons of fuel in the right wing tank. He computed that he had sufficient fuel for four planned flights with 30 minutes of reserve, at a total planned duration of 3.2 hours. He had planned on an en route airspeed of 105 knots, which according to the flight manual, would have resulted in a fuel burn of 8 gallons per hour (gph). He departed Knox County Airport for Darby Dan Airport, picked up a passenger, and proceeded to Put in Bay Airport (3W2), Put in Bay, Ohio. Due to traffic at Put in Bay, he circled for 15 minutes prior to landing. At Put in Bay, he checked his fuel quantity, and estimated it at 36 pounds in the left tank and 18 pounds in the right tank. The pilot reported that no fuel was available at Put in Bay, and that at 1900, he departed for Darby Dan Airport. According to the pilot, there was also no fuel available at Darby Dan Airport, and he did not check the fuel quantity in the tanks. After departure from Darby Dan, en route to Knox County Airport, the engine experienced a loss of fuel pressure and loss of engine power. The pilot commenced a glide, located an empty field and set up for a forced landing. He reported that he cleared trees at 200 feet; however, the airspeed had decreased to stall speed. He lowered the nose to regain airspeed, and at 60 knots pulled back to flare. The airplane contacted the ground in a nose-low pitch attitude, and drove the nosewheel into the soft ground. In a telephone interview, the pilot also reported that although he had planed his fuel consumption at a power setting to achieve 105 knots or 120 mph, he had used a power setting that gave him a speed of 120 knots, or 138 mph. The pilot also reported that after the accident, the fuel tanks were empty. A check of the route between Darby Dan Airport, and Knox County Airport revealed the pilot would have been able to divert to either Ohio State University Airport, Columbus, Ohio, where services were available from 0630 to 2300, or to Port Columbus International Airport, where services were available for 24 hours. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N33WL](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N33WL-2005-08-11), registration cancelled 2005-08-11, S/N 2733, built 1964 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Mooney M20C - Registry model: [Mooney M20C](https://openairdocs.org/model/mooney-m20c) (registry code 5870208) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming O&VO-360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-o-vo-360-series) (registry code 41514, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 2733 - Airframe hours: 4050 - Engines: Lycoming O-360-A1D 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, April 1, 2003, 21 hours before - Departed: 6I6, Galloway, OH - Destination: 4I3, Mt. Vernon, OH - Airport: 4I3, Knox County Airport, runway 00 ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 56; injuries: minor; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; last flight review December 31, 2002; seat: left; flight hours: 354 total, 206 in this make and model, 335 as pilot in command, 5 in the last 90 days, 5 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 10° at 5 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 73 °F, dew point 55 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: CMH, 22 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20030712018799A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20030712018799A), Jul 12, 2003: Mooney M20C, Homer, OH, Substantial damage. (-23) The pilot flew a cross-country flight from knox county (4I3), to darby dan airport (616), to the put in bay airport (3W2) on July 12, 2003. He departed… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.