# NTSB NYC06LA124: Cessna C-172N, N738HE, Vineyard Haven, MA, May 28, 2006 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Minor injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: May 28, 2006, 13:38 local (17:38 UTC) - Place: Vineyard Haven, MA - Coordinates: 41.3927777777778, -70.6141666666667 - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.3928&lon=-70.6142&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Minor injuries - Injuries: 1 minor, 3 uninjured - Status: Completed, report July 25, 2007 - Report: Approved by Office Director - Parties: FAA/FSDO - NTSB case key (mKey): 63769 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC06LA124 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/63769/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC06LA124 ## Probable cause The pilot's improper preflight planning and improper fuel consumption calculations, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a subsequent loss of engine power. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power, landing - fluid,fuel - exhaustion - preflight planning/preparation - improper, pilot in command (cause) - fuel consumption calculations - improper, pilot in command (cause) - Forced landing, emergency descent/landing - In flight collision with object, emergency descent/landing - object - tree(s) ## Analysis Prior to departure, the pilot requested fuel be added to the airplane until it reached "two inches below the filler neck." He reported that he was concerned with the weight and balance of the airplane and therefore did not want to fill the tanks to full. The pilot departed and flew at an altitude of 1,500 to 2,000 feet, and a power setting of 2,500 rpm. While on final approach to the destination airport, the engine "ran rough and sputtered," and then lost power. The pilot declared an emergency and reported to air traffic controllers that he was "out of fuel." He then unsuccessfully attempted to restart the engine, and performed a forced landing to a field. A State Police Trooper observed no fuel in either fuel tank upon his arrival to the scene, and the pilot stated to him that he "ran out of fuel." A review of the fuel log from the departure airport revealed the airplane was fueled with 14.2 gallons of fuel prior to the pilot's departure. According to the Cessna 172N Pilot Operating Handbook, the airplane's engine consumed approximately 8.4 gallons per hour at an altitude of 2,000 feet, and a power setting of 2,500 rpm. ## Factual narrative On May 28, 2006, at 1338 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 172N, N738HE, was substantially damaged during a forced landing in Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts. The certificated commercial pilot received minor injuries and the three passengers were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a visual flight rules (VFR) flight plan was filed for the flight which originated at Old Town Municipal Airport (OLD), Old Town, Maine at 1130, and was destined for the Martha's Vineyard Airport (MVY), Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts. The personal flight was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. According to the pilot, prior to takeoff from OLD, he requested that fuel be added to the airplane until it reached "two inches below the filler neck." He reported that he was concerned with the weight and balance of the airplane and therefore did not want to fill the tanks to full. The pilot departed OLD and flew along the coastline at an altitude of 1,500 to 2,000 feet, and a power setting of 2,500 rpm. He stated he leaned the mixture "two turns out" during the flight. The pilot also reported that he planned for a fuel burn of 8.1 gallons per hour. While on final approach to MVY, approximately 1 mile from the airport, the engine "ran rough and sputtered." The pilot switched fuel tanks and unsuccessfully attempted to restart the engine. He then performed a forced landing, during which the airplane impacted trees. According to statements from MVY air traffic controllers, the pilot declared an emergency while on final approach to runway 6 and reported he was "out of fuel." A Massachusetts State Police Trooper observed no fuel in either fuel tank upon his arrival to the scene. Additionally, the pilot stated to him that he "ran out of fuel." A review of the fuel log for OLD revealed the airplane was fueled with 14.2 gallons of fuel prior to departure. A statement from the fueler revealed the pilot did not want the airplane "topped off," and to "leave two inches" remaining in the tank. According to the Cessna 172N Pilot Operating Handbook, the airplane's engine consumed approximately 8.4 gallons per hour at an altitude of 2,000 feet, and a power setting of 2,500 rpm. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N738HE](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N738HE-2006-08-30), registration cancelled 2006-08-30, S/N 17269983, built 1977 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna C-172N - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming 0-320 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-0-320-series) (registry code 41508, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17269983 - Airframe hours: 9254 - Engines: Lycoming O-320 180 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Old Town Aviation Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: 100 hour, April 1, 2006 - Departed: OLD, Old Town, ME - Destination: MVY, Vineyard Haven, MA - Flight plan: VFR - Airport: MVY, Martha's Vineyard Airport ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 31; injuries: minor; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, without waivers/limitations; last flight review September 1, 2005; seat: left; flight hours: 458 total, 416 in this make and model, 363 as pilot in command, 15 in the last 90 days, 8 in the last 30 days, 3 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 50° at 8 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 55 °F - Altimeter: 30.12 inHg - Observed at: MVY, 1 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 20060528009599A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/20060528009599A), May 28, 2006: Cessna 172N, West Tisbury, MA, Destroyed. (-23) PIC requested fuel to be filled to 2 inches below filler neck for weight and balance purposes. Flight between old town, Maine and martha's vineyard,… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.