# NTSB NYC86LA011: Enstrom F-28C, N5691Y, Linden, NJ, October 17, 1985

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: October 17, 1985, 11:25 local (15:25 UTC)
- Place: Linden, NJ
- Location: 40.6273° N, 74.2363° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs: center of Linden, NJ, within about 6 miles (OpenAirDocs)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.6273&lon=-74.2363&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Maneuvering](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/450) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 1 uninjured
- Status: Completed
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 30248
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC86LA011
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/30248/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC86LA011

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Loss of control - in flight, hover
  - directional control - not maintained, pilot in command (cause)
  - autorotation - attempted, pilot in command
  - lack of familiarity with aircraft, pilot in command (cause)
- Dragged wing,rotor,pod,float or tail/skid, hover
- Roll over, hover

## Analysis

THE HELICOPTER EXPERIENCED A ROLL-OVER DURING A PRACTICE HOVER AUTOROTATION. THE ACC OCCURRED WHEN THE ACFT STARTED MOVING BACKWARDS DURING THE HOVER. THE LEFT SKID DUG INTO THE DIRT WHICH PITCHED THE ACFT NOSE UP & ROLLED IT OVER TO THE LEFT.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N5691Y](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N5691Y-2022-04-02), registration cancelled 2022-04-02, S/N 479-2, built 1979 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: ENSTROM F-28C
- Registry model: [Enstrom F-28C](https://openairdocs.org/model/enstrom-f-28c) (registry code 3300407) (OpenAirDocs)
- Registry engine: [Lycoming HIO-360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-hio-360-series) (registry code 41524, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Helicopter
- Serial number: 479-2
- Airframe hours: 2933
- Engines: LYCOMING HIO-360-E1AD 205 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Instructional, Part 91
- Registered owner: Spectrum Helicopters,Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: 100 hour, September 13, 1985, 75 hours before
- Departed: RIDGEFIELD PARK, NJ
- Destination: LINDEN, NJ
- Airport: Linden, runway 9, 4,139 × 75 ft, grass/turf

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 39; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 2, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 131 total, 27 in this make and model, 58 as pilot in command, 26 in the last 90 days, 4 in the last 24 hours

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day
- Wind: 45° at 10 knots
- Visibility: 5 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19851017056329A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19851017056329A), Oct 17, 1985: Enstrm F28C, Linden, NJ, Substantial damage. Student decided to practice hovering autorotations. Skid dug in and dynamic rollover resulted.

## Other investigations on N5691Y (1)

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

- [NTSB ERA19TA005](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/ERA19TA005), Oct 7, 2018: Enstrom F28 (N5691Y), Bridgeville, DE, substantial damage. Probable cause: The pilot's mismanagement of collective pitch control during takeoff from an area with numerous obstacles, which resulted in the helicopter entering a low rotor rpm state and a forced hard landing.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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