# NTSB NYC91LA077: Cessna 182B, N2445G, Wallkill, NY, February 18, 1991

- Type: NTSB accident investigation
- Classification: Accident · Serious injuries · Limited investigation · Final report
- Date: February 18, 1991, 17:45 local (22:45 UTC)
- Place: Wallkill, NY
- Coordinates: 41.599334, -74.159934 (estimated)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.5993&lon=-74.1599&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: Serious injuries
- Injuries: 1 serious
- Status: Completed, report September 28, 1992
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 36880
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC91LA077
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/36880/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC91LA077

## Probable cause

DECISION BY THE NON-INSTRUMENT RATED PILOT TO ATTEMPT FLIGHT INTO INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS, RESULTING IN AIRFRAME ICING, LOSS OF CONTROL AND COLLISION WITH TREES.  A FACTOR RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE FAILURE OF THE PILOT TO RECEIVE A PRE-FLIGHT WEATHER BRIEFING.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- In flight encounter with weather, approach
  - preflight briefing service - not obtained, pilot in command (contributing factor)
  - overconfidence in personal ability, pilot in command
  - in-flight briefing service - not used, pilot in command
  - lack of total instrument time, pilot in command (contributing factor)
  - weather condition - icing conditions
  - vfr flight into imc - attempted, pilot in command (cause)
- Loss of control - in flight, approach - vfr pattern - final approach
  - wing - ice
  - airspeed(vref) - not possible, pilot in command
  - airspeed(vs) - inadvertent, pilot in command
- In flight collision with object, descent - uncontrolled
  - object - tree(s)

## Analysis

THE NON INSTRUMENT RATED PILOT DID NOT RECEIVE A PRE FLIGHT WEATHER BRIEFING.  HE ATTEMPTED TO FLY INTO INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS. THE AIRPLANE ENCOUNTERED ICING CONDITIONS AND THE PILOT CHANGED DESTINATIONS.  WHILE ON FINAL APPROACH FOR THE AIRPORT, THE PILOT LOST CONTROL OF THE AIRPLANE AND COLLIDED WITH TREES.  THE WEATHER SEQUENCE REPORTED FREEZING RAIN AND ICE PELLETS.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N2445G](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N2445G-1992-04-02), registration cancelled 1992-04-02, S/N 51745 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: CESSNA 182B
- Registry model: [Cessna 182B](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182b) (registry code 2072706) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 2445G
- Engines: CONTINENTAL O-470 R 230 horsepower reciprocating
- Damage: Substantial damage
- Flight: Personal, Part 91
- Operator: General Production Inc.
- Registered owner: General Production Inc.
- Last inspection: Unknown, January 2, 2000
- Departed: LCI, LACONIA, NH
- Destination: N94, CARLISLE, PA
- Airport: 06N, Randall, runway 26, 2,800 × 26 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 57; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; flight hours: 1,060 total, 900 in this make and model, 1,060 as pilot in command

## Weather

- Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Day
- Wind: 90° at 10 knots
- Visibility: 4 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: 400 ft broken

## FAA reports on this event (1)

The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs).

- [Accident 19910218002539A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19910218002539A), Feb 18, 1991: Cessna 182B, Middletown, NY, Substantial damage. VFR pilot flew into IMC and icing . Diverted. On final lost control, hit trees. Freezing rain. No weather briefing.

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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