# NTSB NYC93IA065: Boeing 727-100, N107FE, Newark, NJ, March 23, 1993

- Type: NTSB incident investigation
- Classification: Incident · No injuries · Incident investigation · Final report
- Date: March 22, 1993, 23:26 local (Mar 23, 1993, 04:26 UTC)
- Place: Newark, NJ
- Location: 40.6925° N, 74.1687° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at NEWARK LIBERTY INTL (EWR), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs)
- Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.6925&lon=-74.1687&mi=10
- Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping)
- Highest injury: No injuries
- Injuries: 3 uninjured
- Status: Completed, report August 26, 1994
- Report: Approved by Office Director
- NTSB case key (mKey): 37244
- NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC93IA065
- NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/37244/pdf
- Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC93IA065

## Probable cause

THE PILOT'S MISUNDERSTANDING OF LANDING RUNWAY, AND THE FAILURE OF THE LOCAL CONTROLLER TO ADEQUATELY MONITOR THE PROGRESS OF THE FLIGHT. FACTORS WHICH CONTRIBUTED TO THE INCIDENT WERE: THE FAILURE OF TOWER PERSONNEL TO NOTIFY TRACON OF THE ATIS CHANGE, THE LOCAL CONTROLLER PERFORMING GROUND CONTROLLER DUTIES, AND THE PILOT'S EXPECTATION TO LAND ON RUNWAY 4L AS A RESULT OF THE ATIS.

## Sequence of events

In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf).

- Near collision between aircraft, landing - flare/touchdown
  - control tower service - inadequate, atc personnel(lcl/gnd/clnc) (contributing factor)
  - monitoring - inadequate, atc personnel(lcl/gnd/clnc) (cause)
  - diverted attention, atc personnel(lcl/gnd/clnc) (contributing factor)
  - instructions,written/verbal - misread, pilot in command (cause)
  - expectancy, pilot in command (contributing factor)

## Analysis

THE AIRPLANE, FLIGHT 943, HAD BEEN VECTORED FOR LANDING, AND TO EXPECT A RWY 4R ILS, WITH A SIDESTEP MANEUVER TO LAND RWY 4L. ATIS HAD REPORTED RWY 4R CLOSED. WHILE BEING VECTORED, ATIS WAS AMENDED TO INCLUDE THE OPENING OF RWY 4R FOR LANDINGS. TRACON WAS NOT INFORMED OF THE CHANGE; THEREFORE THE FLIGHT WAS NOT MADE AWARE OF THE CHANGE. MEANWHILE, ANOTHER B-727, FEDERAL EXPRESS FLT 314, WAS CLEARED INTO POSITION ON RWY 4L AND TO HOLD FOR TAKEOFF CLEARANCE. RWY 4L HAS A DISPLACED THRESHOLD OF APPROX 740 FT. FLIGHT 943 WAS SWITCHED TO THE TOWER AND GIVEN LANDING CLEARANCE FOR RWY 4R. THE CREW DID NOT HEAR THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE 'RIGHT,' AND THEY LINED UP AND LANDED ON RWY 4L. THE TOWER DID NOT REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THE LANDING CLEARANCE FROM FLIGHT 943. THE CREW OF FLIGHT 943 DID NOT SEE FLIGHT 314 ON THE DISPLACED THRESHOLD UNTIL THEY WERE JUST ABOUT OVER THE AIRPLANE. THE ONLY LIGHTS ON FLIGHT 314 WHILE HOLDING WERE THE NAVIGATION LIGHTS, ROTATING BEACON AND TAXI LIGHT. LOCAL CONTOLLER ALSO PERFORMING GROUND CONTROLLER DUTIES.

## Aircraft

- Registration: [N107FE](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N107FE-2006-08-10), registration cancelled 2006-08-10, S/N 19202, built 1967 (OpenAirDocs)
- Reported make and model: BOEING 727-100
- Registry model: [Boeing 727-22C](https://openairdocs.org/model/boeing-727-22c) (registry code 138400F) (OpenAirDocs)
- Category: Airplane
- Serial number: 19202
- Engines: P&W JT8D-7B 14000 horsepower turbo fan
- Damage: No damage
- Flight: Part 121
- Operator: Federal Express, Inc.
- Registered owner: Federal Express, Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal
- Last inspection: AAIP, January 2, 2000
- Departed: BOS, BOSTON, MA
- Flight plan: IFR
- Airport: EWR, Newark International, runway 4L, 8,200 × 150 ft, asphalt

## Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

- Pilot; age 58; flight engineer, flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 15,000 total, 500 in this make and model, 11,000 as pilot in command, 90 in the last 90 days, 25 in the last 30 days

## Weather

- Conditions: Visual (VMC), Night/dark
- Wind: 50° at 4 knots
- Visibility: 20 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling: none
- Temperature: 43 °F

From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

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