# NTSB NYC94LA087: Lutz Acro Sport II, N5181V, Hornell, NY, May 21, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: May 21, 1994, 13:15 local (17:15 UTC) - Place: Hornell, NY - Coordinates: 42.320552, -77.660217 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=42.3206&lon=-77.6602&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report March 27, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 38757 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC94LA087 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/38757/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC94LA087 ## Probable cause THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN A PROPER GLIDEPATH. A FACTOR IN THIS ACCIDENT WAS THE PILOT'S LACK OF TOTAL EXPERIENCE IN THIS TYPE OF AIRPLANE. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Undershoot, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - proper glidepath - not maintained, pilot in command (cause) - lack of total experience in type of aircraft, pilot in command (contributing factor) - In flight collision with terrain/water, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - terrain condition - rising - Main gear collapsed, landing - flare/touchdown - landing gear,main gear - overload ## Analysis THE PILOT WAS LANDING ON A RUNWAY WHERE THE SURROUNDING TERRAIN IS LOWER AT THE APPROACH END OF THE RUNWAY. ON SHORT FINAL TO THE RUNWAY, THE PILOT LOST SIGHT OF THE LANDING AREA. THE LEFT MAIN LANDING GEAR STRUCK THE RISING TERRAIN AT THE APPROACH END OF THE RUNWAY, COLLAPSED, AND THE AIRPLANE GROUND LOOPED. THE PILOT HAD JUST PURCHASED THE HOMEBUILT BI-PLANE 2 DAYS PRIOR TO THE ACCIDENT. THE PILOT'S TOTAL FLYING EXPERIENCE IN BI-PLANES WAS THE 7 HOURS FLOWN IN THIS AIRPLANE. THREE OF THE FLIGHT HOURS WAS ACCOMPLISHED DURING A FERRY FLIGHT FROM OHIO TO NEW YORK. THE PILOT DID NOT RECEIVE ANY DUAL INSTRUCTION IN THE AIRPLANE, ONLY A VERBAL BRIEFING. THE PILOT WAS NOT AWARE OF THE LOSS OF FORWARD VISIBILITY, AND THE HIGH DRAG AND CORRESPONDING HIGH SINK RATES DURING SLOW, POWER OFF APPROACHES. ## Factual narrative On May 21, 1994, about 1315 eastern daylight time, a homebuilt Acro Sport II, N5181V, owned and piloted by Carmen J. Scoppa, was substantially damaged while landing at the Hornell Airport, Hornell, New York. The pilot was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a flight plan had not been filed for the flight operating under 14 CFR 91. The pilot was landing on runway 35 at the Hornell Airport. The surrounding terrain at the approach end of runway 35 is 25 feet lower then the runway. The airplane touched down 200 feet short of the paved runway and struck the rising terrain on which the runway is constructed. In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2 the pilot stated that he "landed short" and ground looped the airplane. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector's report stated that during a flight and oral re-examination, Mr. Scoppa disclosed that his experience in bi-planes was limited to the 7 hours that he has flown in N5181V. The Inspector's report further stated: "Mr. Scoppa had purchased the Acre Sport II just two days before the accident and had been unable to receive any dual instruction in the aircraft due to the lack of a qualified instructor. (The previous owner and builder of the aircraft was to large to fit into the front hole of the cockpit and had only briefed Mr. Scoppa on the aircraft). During the re-exam it became apparent that Mr. Scoppa was not cognizant of the limited forward visibility afforded to the pilot of a bi-plane during the final stages of an approach to a landing. Additionally, Mr. Scoppa was not aware of the high drag and corresponding high sink rates of most bi-planes during power off approaches at air speeds below 1.3 Vso. It is the opinion of this inspector that Mr. Scoppa did not possess the skills and experience needed on May 22, 1994 to successfully complete the landing at Hornell, New York." In a telephone interview with the pilot, he stated that of the 7 hours in the Acro Sport, 3 of the hours were during the cross country from Ohio to New York, after he purchased the airplane. Mr. Scoppa further stated that forward visibility was lost during the approach to landing and the drag was greater than he had previously experienced in other airplanes. ## Aircraft - Registration: N5181V (not matched to a registry record) - Reported make and model: LUTZ ACRO SPORT II (ACRO SPORT) - Category: Airplane, amateur-built - Serial number: 686 - Airframe hours: 180 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-E2A 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Carmen J. Scoppa - Airworthiness certificate: Special, Experimental (Special) - Last inspection: Annual, April 3, 1994, 13 hours before - Departed: 11D, CLARION, PA - Destination: 4G6, NY - Airport: 4G6, Hornell Municipal, runway 35, 3,400 × 60 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 68; private; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 3, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: rear; flight hours: 2,868 total, 7 in this make and model, 33 in the last 90 days, 33 in the last 30 days, 7 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 30° at 10 knots - Visibility: 30 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 75 °F, dew point 48 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: ELM, 37 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19940521011969A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19940521011969A), May 21, 1994: Amtr ACROSPORT, Hornell, NY, Substantial damage. Struck bank lower than runway on short final. Distabilized approach and lack of check out in homebuilt were factors From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.