# NTSB NYC95FA030: Cessna 402C, N402BK, Hyannis, MA, November 19, 1994 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · Fatal · Field investigation · Final report - Date: November 18, 1994, 22:00 local (Nov 19, 1994, 03:00 UTC) - Place: Hyannis, MA - Location: 41.6894° N, 70.3082° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs from NTSB’s distance and direction from CAPE COD GATEWAY (HYA), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.6894&lon=-70.3082&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: Fatal - Injuries: 1 fatal - Status: Completed, report October 13, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 38843 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC95FA030 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/38843/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95FA030 ## Probable cause the pilot's failure to maintain a proper glide path during an ILS approach, which resulted in a collision with power lines. Factors in this accident were; adverse weather conditions with turbulence, down drafts and fog. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with object, approach - iaf to faf/outer marker (ifr) - weather condition - downdraft (contributing factor) - weather condition - turbulence (contributing factor) - proper glidepath - not obtained/maintained, pilot in command (cause) - weather condition - fog (contributing factor) - object - wire,static (cause) - In flight collision with terrain/water, descent - uncontrolled - terrain condition - ground - terrain condition - water ## Analysis THE AIRPLANE WAS ON AN ILS RUNWAY 15 APPROACH AND COLLIDED IN-FLIGHT WITH STATIC WIRES, APPROXIMATELY 2 MILES NORTH OF THE RUNWAY. THE WIRES WERE LOCATED IN THE AIRPLANE'S FLIGHT PATH, AND IN A DIRECT LINE WITH THE ILS FINAL APPROACH COURSE. AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT THE LOCAL CONTROL TOWER WAS CLOSED. THREE OTHER AIRCRAFT MADE THE APPROACH PRIOR TO N402BK, AND THE PILOTS OF THOSE AIRCRAFT ALL AGREED THAT AT ABOUT 500 TO 700 FEET MSL, ON THE FINAL APPROACH COURSE, THEY ENCOUNTERED DOWNDRAFTS AND TURBULENCE. ALL THE PILOTS AGREED, THE DOWNDRAFTS CAUSED THEIR AIRPLANES TO FALL BELOW THE GLIDE SLOPE, AND THAT IN ORDER TO REJOIN THE GLIDE SLOPE, THEY HAD TO INCREASE POWER OR CHANGE THE AIRPLANE'S PITCH ATTITUDE. THE OTIS AIR NATIONAL GAURD BASE 2155 WEATHER OBSERVATION WAS; INDEFINITE CEILING 100 SKY OBSCURED, VISIBILITY 3/4 MILES, LIGHT RAIN AND FOG, TEMPERATURE 59 DEGREES F, DEW POINT 58 DEGREES F, WIND 170 DEGREES, 14 KNOTS, GUST TO 19, ALTIMETER 29.96 INCHES HG. ## Factual narrative HISTORY OF FLIGHT On November 18, 1994, about 2200 eastern standard time, a Cessna 402C, N402BK, operated by Island Airlines Inc., as Island Airline Flight 402 (ISA402), collided in-flight with wires while on an ILS Runway 15 approach at Barnstable Municipal Airport, Hyannis, Massachusetts. The airplane was destroyed, and the pilot was fatally injured. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed and an IFR flight plan had been filed. The flight was being conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. This flight was conducted as a non-revenue flight for the purpose of repositioning the airplane. At 1827, the pilot of N402BK, called the Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS), Bridgeport, Connecticut. The pilot requested and received an update on a briefing he had obtained earlier. The specialist provided the pilot the following weather information: Hyannis...measured ceiling of six three thousand three hundred overcast with seven miles sixty-two fifty- seven...winds one thirty at fifteen with some occasional light rain...Nantucket...from right now [1828] on till ten o'clock [2200] tonight fifteen hundred scattered occasionally overcast...their ceilings of forty-five hundred broken visibility of better than six...I don't think you'll see them pick'em up again tonight...as far as an alternate I'd say you'd better go a little further inland...Bradley...is seven hundred and two and a half and their worse case scenario is nine hundred and three.... The pilot requested and received an IFR clearance from Nantucket to Hyannis. ISA402 departed Nantucket at 2122. The pilot established communications with the Air Traffic Control (ATC) Specialist at the CAPE TRACON, Otis Air National Guard Base (ANGB), Massachusetts. The airplane was radar identified and given vectors towards Hyannis. According to the ATC Transcript of Communications, at 2128:20, N402BK was located approximately 6 miles west of the airport, and at an altitude of 3,000 feet MSL. The pilot was told, "...he could expect an extended downwind...you're number four into the airport...." The specialist told the pilot, "...I'll need the IFR cancellation on everyone before...you can be cleared for the approach." At 2141:41, the pilot was told, "...descend and maintain one thousand eight hundred," and the pilot complied. The specialist told the pilot at 2142:00, "...you can expect your approach clearance when ACK (Nantucket Airlines, Cessna 402) six eight seven cancels." The pilot asked the specialist to confirm "you do show me ah east of course," and the specialist answered "affirmative." The specialist told the pilot he was trying to "tighten it up a little bit," because he had to extend the downwind due to the other airplanes on the approach waiting to cancel on the ground. At 2150:15, ISA402 was 5 miles from KENAD (initial approach fix) and cleared for the ILS Runway 15 approach. The specialist asked the pilot if he was "established now," and the pilot responded, "I'm established." The specialist instructed the pilot to "[R]eport [his] IFR cancellation with Bridgeport Radio," on a frequency 126.425. The pilot told the specialist, at 2152.05, "...Lifeguard Citation one two seven nine lima [is] trying to reach you." The specialist tried to ascertain what frequency the Lifeguard Citation was using, and if he was on the ground at Hyannis. The pilot of ISA402 confirmed for the specialist that the Lifeguard airplane was on the ground at Hyannis. The specialist asked the pilot if he could relay a "squawk" to the Lifeguard pilot. The pilot replied, "I can relay him a squawk," and the specialist said, "...actually would you mind relaying a clearance." The pilot responded at 2152:51: Actually right now in this kind of weather I'm a little busier than that I would appreciate it if [I] can [have him]...just call Bridgeport. The specialist agreed, and the Lifeguard pilot was told to contact Bridgeport radio. There is no record indicating that the pilot of ISA402 talked to the Lifeguard airplane again. The pilot of ISA402 was cleared to change to advisory frequency at 2153:15. At 2156:23, ATC experienced a power failure and the tape ended (Note: When ISA402 struck the power lines, the entire area as far west as Otis ANGB lost electrical power). The pilot of the airplane performing the ILS approach three aircraft ahead of ISA402 stated: ...decent [from] 1800 [feet] was normal to 700 feet where I encountered severe turbulence and had to increase power to approximately 36 inches MP [manifold pressure] to maintain 120 KIAS...DME indicated 78 knots air speed. At approximately 400 feet I saw the glow of the strobes directly ahead. At approximately 300 feet I lost all visual contact with [the] approach lights and initiated a missed approach and went around. Cape approach asked me if the lights were working. I replied in the affirmative...I realized that the reason I lost contact was due to the timed pilot controlled lighting having gone out. I was again vectored...for another approach...once again encountered severe turbulence and had to increase power.... The pilot of the airplane performing the ILS approach two aircraft ahead of ISA402 said, "At 500 feet [he] experienced moderate turbulence, down drafts, along with rain," and he saw the approach light at "...50 feet above minimums of 332 [feet]." This pilot said he had a "complete visual on the approach lights, then the runway lights from minimums until touchdown." The pilot of the airplane (a Cessna 402) directly ahead of ISA402, wrote that he did not notice any "abnormalities in the ILS." He wrote: Below approximately 700 feet I encountered moderate turbulence. Shortly after that I noticed a fly-up indication (below the Glide Slope) and corrected with pitch. I did not add power as I was light and had higher than normal power already and extra airspeed. I considered the pitch correction necessary to arrest the descent to be significant...at approximately 500 feet MSL I saw the approach lights and at 400 feet I had most of the runway and some of the airport in sight. I would estimate the weather as indefinite 400 obscured...2 miles visibility...wind...within 10-20 degrees of the runway at about 15 to 20 knots and gusting...after landing I told IA402 [ISA402] that I had landed...also told him that I broke out at 400 ft and at his request set the runway lights at mid step with 5 clicks of the microphone. The accident occurred during the hours of darkness approximately 41 degrees, 40 minutes north, and 70 degrees, 17 minutes west. PERSONNEL INFORMATION Mr. Hans P. Sorensen held Airline Transport Pilot Certificate, No. 2392040, with mutiengine, single engine land, and instrument airplane ratings. Mr. Sorensen was also a flight instructor for airplane single and multiengine instruments airplane. Mr. Sorensen was issued a First Class Airman Medical Certificate on June 26, 1994, with no limitations. Company records showed Mr. Sorensen's total flight hours at the time of the accident were 3,350, of which 450 hours were in Cessna 402C aircraft. According to company records, Mr. Sorenson had flown 200 hours in the 90 days prior to the accident and 59 hours in the 30 days prior to the accident. In the 24 hour period prior to the accident, Mr. Sorensen, flew 4 hours. On March 30, 1994, Mr. Sorensen satisfactorily completed a proficiency check in a Cessna 402C, at Hyannis, Massachusetts. On the day of the accident Mr. Sorensen reported to work at 1445, and his first flight of the day was at 1526. He had completed 6 trips prior to the accident for a total flight time of 1.6 hours. He had departed for Nantucket at approximately ## Aircraft - Registration: [N402BK](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N402BK-1995-04-14), registration cancelled 1995-04-14, S/N 402C0223 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: CESSNA 402C - Registry model: [Cessna 402C](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-402c) (registry code 207590R) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 402C0223 - Airframe hours: 14178 - Engines: CONTINENTAL TSIO-520VB 325 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Destroyed - Flight: Positioning, Part 91 - Operator: Island Airlines, Inc. - Registered owner: B&K Leasing Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: AAIP, November 16, 1994, 6 hours before - Departed: ACK, NANTUCKET, MA - Destination: HYN - Flight plan: IFR - Airport: HYA, Barnstable Municipal, runway 15, 5,249 × 150 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 29; airline transport, commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; toxicology performed; flight hours: 3,350 total, 450 in this make and model, 3,200 as pilot in command, 200 in the last 90 days, 59 in the last 30 days, 4 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Instrument (IMC), Night/dark - Wind: 170° at 14 knots, gusting 19 - Visibility: 0.75 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 100 ft - Temperature: 59 °F, dew point 57 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: FMH, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19941118047559A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19941118047559A), Nov 18, 1994: Cessna 402C, Hyannis, MA, Destroyed, 1 fatal. On ILS approaching struck power line 2MI short of runway. Turbulence. Below minimal weather. Below glide path. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.