# NTSB NYC95LA086: Piper PA-28-151, N32145, Wilmington, OH, April 11, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: April 11, 1995, 14:40 local (18:40 UTC) - Place: Wilmington, OH - Coordinates: 39.440872, -83.829177 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.4409&lon=-83.8292&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 4 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 31, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 38942 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC95LA086 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/38942/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA086 ## Probable cause The flight instructor's inadequate supervision of the student pilot during the approach, resulting in a loss of control and hard landing. The gusty wind condition was a factor. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - in flight, approach - vfr pattern - final approach - weather condition - gusts (contributing factor) - aircraft control - not maintained, dual student - supervision - inadequate, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - Main gear collapsed, landing - flare/touchdown - landing gear,main gear - overload ## Analysis THE CERTIFIED FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR (CFI), STUDENT PILOT (SP), AND TWO PASSENGERS, DEPARTED ON A LOCAL TRAINING FLIGHT IN THE 150 HORSE POWERED AIRPLANE. AT THE COMPLETION OF UPPER AIRWORK, THEY FLEW TO AN AIRPORT TO PRACTICE LANDINGS INTO THE WIND, BEFORE ATTEMPTING CROSS WIND LANDINGS AT THE DEPARTURE AIRPORT. THE SP FLEW THE FIRST APPROACH, AND ON SHORT FINAL TO RUNWAY 20, THE LEFT WING DROPPED. THE CFI TOOK OVER THE CONTROLS AT 8 TO 12 FEET. THE AIRPLANE LANDED HARD, THE MAIN LANDING GEAR SEPARATED, AND THE AIRPLANE GROUND LOOPED. THE SP HAD A TOTAL OF 20 HOURS OF FLIGHT TIME AND HAD NOT FLOWN IN THE PAST 90 DAYS. SHE HAD NO PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE IN THIS MAKE AND MODEL. THE AIRPLANE WAS CALCULATED TO BE 46 POUNDS OVER THE MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT DURING THE INITIAL TAKEOFF, AND 25 POUNDS UNDER THE MAXIMUM WEIGHT DURING THE ACCIDENT, WITH THE CENTER OF GRAVITY ABOUT 1 INCH FORWARD OF THE AFT LIMIT. THE CALCULATED DENSITY ALTITUDE WAS ABOUT 2,600 FEET. WINDS AT A NEARBY AIRPORT WERE REPORTED TO FROM 180 DEGREES AT 20 KNOTS, GUSTING TO 26. ## Factual narrative On April 11, 1995 at 1440 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-28-151, N32145, piloted by Orin May, was substantially damaged during a hard landing at the Clinton Field, Wilmington, Ohio. The flight instructor, student pilot and two passengers were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan had been filed for the flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, the certified flight instructor (CFI) stated that he had received a telephone call from a student pilot (SP) requesting flight instruction. The SP informed the CFI that she had about 20 hours of flight time, had been soloed by another CFI, and requested to be "checked out again." The SP also asked, and received permission, to bring a friend along. The CFI met the SP, and two of her friends, at the Green County Airport (I-19), Dayton, Ohio. The CFI observed the SP perform a pre-flight, and with all four aboard the airplane, a cross-wind takeoff was successfully completed. After basic air work was performed, the CFI decided to conduct landings into the wind at another airport, prior to attempting cross-wind landing at I-19. The SP flew the first approach to the Clinton Field, runway 20. The left wing of the airplane dropped on short final, and the CFI took over the flight controls at 8 to 12 feet and applied power. In another written statement provided by the 71 year old CFI, he stated, "...I applied full throttle and a little back elevator to execute a go-around, but the airplane slammed into the ground, broke off the left main gear and ground looped into a drainage ditch." According to a form provided by the SP, of her 20 hours of total flight time, she had not flown within the past 90 days and had no experience in the PA-28-151. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector computed the airplane's weight and balance. According to his calculations, at takeoff, the airplane was about 46 pounds over the maximum allowable gross weight. At the time of the accident the airplane was about 25 pounds under the maximum allowable gross weight, and the center of gravity was computed to be about 1.1 inches forward of the aft limit of 93.00 inches. The winds reported at an airport, 20 northwest of Clinton Field, were from 180 degrees at 20 knots, gusting to 26. The calculated density altitude for Clinton Field was 2,600 feet. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N32145](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N32145-1997-02-13), registration cancelled 1997-02-13, S/N 287515078, built 1974 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-28-151 - Registry model: [Piper PA-28-151](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28-151) (registry code 7102805) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming O-320-E3D](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-o-320-e3d) (registry code 42127, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 28-7515078 - Engines: LYCOMING O-320-E3D 150 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: W. Zugelder/R. Schutte - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: I-19, XENIA, OH - Destination: I-66 - Airport: I-66, Clinton County, runway 20, 3,500 × 65 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 71; commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 14,850 total, 182 in this make and model, 10,490 as pilot in command, 6 in the last 90 days, 3 in the last 30 days, 2 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 180° at 20 knots, gusting 26 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 79 °F, dew point 54 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: FFO, 21 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19950411025309A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19950411025309A), Apr 11, 1995: Piper PA28151, Wilmington, OH, Substantial damage. Checking out a student. Wing dropped on final. CFI took over began go around. Aircraft stalled slammed into runway. (-23) student pilot lost control of… From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.