# NTSB NYC95LA088: Piper PA-28R-200, N41767, Westminister, MD, April 15, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: April 15, 1995, 16:35 local (20:35 UTC) - Place: Westminister, MD - Coordinates: 39.570884, -76.999778 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.5709&lon=-76.9998&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report August 31, 1995 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 38944 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC95LA088 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/38944/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC95LA088 ## Probable cause the failure of the flight instructor to take timely remedial action during an approach, resulting in an inadvertent stall, hard landing and subsequent collapse of the landing gear. A factor related to the accident was the flight instructor's lack of instructing experience. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - weather condition - windshear - airspeed - improper, dual student - remedial action - not performed, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) - lack of experience, pilot in command(cfi) (contributing factor) - stall - inadvertent, dual student (cause) - Gear collapsed, landing - flare/touchdown - In flight collision with terrain/water, landing - flare/touchdown - terrain condition - runway ## Analysis THE CERTIFIED FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR (CFI) AND THE DUAL, PRIVATE PILOT STUDENT WERE PRACTICING SIMULATED EMERGENCY LANDINGS TO RUNWAY 34. ACCORDING TO THE FAA INSPECTOR'S WRITTEN STATEMENT, 'DURING THE APPROACH, THE PRIVATE PILOT FAILED TO MAINTAIN A PROPER AIRSPEED ON FINAL.' AT APPROXIMATELY 100 FEET ABOVE THE RUNWAY THE AIRPLANE STALLED AND SUNK, LOSING ALTITUDE RAPIDLY. THE AIRPLANE LANDED EXTREMELY HARD AND THE LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED. THE REPORTED WINDS AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT WERE FROM 310 DEGREES AT 18 KNOTS. ACCORDING TO THE NTSB FORM 6120.1/2, THE CFI'S TOTAL FLIGHT TIME WAS 652 HOURS, OF WHICH 29.5 HOURS WERE IN THIS MAKE AND MODEL AIRPLANE. THE CFI'S TOTAL FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR TIME WAS 8.7 HOURS, OF WHICH 3.1 HOURS WERE IN THIS MAKE AND MODEL AIRPLANE. ## Factual narrative On April 15, 1995, about 1635 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA- 28R-200, N41767, piloted by William Best, collided with the ground while landing at Carroll County Airport, near Westminister, Maryland. The airplane was substantially damaged. The certified flight instructor (CFI) and the dual, private pilot student were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan had been filed. The flight was being conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. The CFI and the private pilot were conducting a complex aircraft checkout. They were practicing simulated emergency landings to runway 34. While on short final, the airplane struck the ground from an altitude of approximately 100 feet. According to the FAA Inspector's written statement: During the approach, the private pilot failed to maintain a proper airspeed on final. The aircraft encountered a wind shear condition approximately 100 feet above the runway. The aircraft partially stalled and sunk, loosing altitude rapidly. The flight instructor failed to take appropriate action in a timely manner. The aircraft landed extremely hard and the landing gear collapsed The reported winds at the time of the accident were from 310 degrees at 18 knots, gusts to 21 knots. According to the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, the CFI's total flight time was 652 hours, of which 29.5 hours were in this make and model airplane. The CFI's total flight instructor time was 8.7 hours, of which 3.1 hours were in this make and model airplane. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N41767](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N41767-2013-10-23), registration cancelled 2013-10-23, S/N 28R-7435216, built 1974 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: PIPER PA-28R-200 - Registry model: [Piper PA-28R-200](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-pa-28r-200) (registry code 7102811) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Lycoming I0360 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/lycoming-i0360-series) (registry code 41515, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 28R7435216 - Engines: LYCOMING IO-360-C1C 200 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Operator: Control Aero - Registered owner: Ivan Eliasen/Jack Beverly - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Departed: 2W2, WESTMINSTER, MD - Airport: W54, Carroll County, runway 34, 5,200 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 46; private, commercial, flight instructor; airplane ratings: single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: right; flight hours: 652 total, 30 in this make and model, 562 as pilot in command, 26 in the last 90 days, 7 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 310° at 18 knots, gusting 21 - Visibility: 20 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 61 °F ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19950415014459A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19950415014459A), Apr 15, 1995: Piper PA28R200, Westminister, MD, Substantial damage. Complex aircraft checkout. Windshear on final. Stalled. CFI failed to act. Hard impact folded gear. New CFI. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.