# NTSB NYC96LA043: Piper J3F, N28148, Westerly, RI, December 26, 1995 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: December 26, 1995, 15:30 local (20:30 UTC) - Place: Westerly, RI - Location: 41.3496° N, 71.8034° W: Placed by OpenAirDocs at WESTERLY STATE (WST), within about a mile (OpenAirDocs) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=41.3496&lon=-71.8034&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Taxi](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/250) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report May 29, 1996 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 39136 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC96LA043 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/39136/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA043 ## Probable cause the pilot's inadequate compensation for the wind condition, which subsequently resulted in the aircraft nosing over. The gusty crosswind condition was a related factor. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of control - on ground/water, taxi - from landing - weather condition - crosswind (contributing factor) - weather condition - gusts (contributing factor) - compensation for wind conditions - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - Nose over, landing - roll ## Analysis The pilot reported he landed on runway 32, rolled out to the intersection of runway 7/25, and made a left turn onto a taxiway. He reported that as he entered the taxiway, 'the wind caught the right wing, lifting the wing into the air.' The pilot reported he corrected the situation and put the airplane back on the ground. According to him, another gust of wind caught the tail and flipped the airplane over onto its back. The reported wind condition was 320 degrees at 15 knots with gusts to 20 knots. The pilot reported the accident could have been prevented by more accurately anticipating the wind gust factor as well as the required control input to compensate for constantly changing factors. ## Factual narrative On December 26, 1995, about 1530 eastern standard time, a Piper J-3, N28148, nosed over while taxiing to the ramp at the Westerly State Airport, Westerly, Rhode Island. The airplane was substantially damaged, and the commercial pilot was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan had been filed. The local personal flight was being conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. According to the pilot's statement on the NTSB Form 6120.1/2: ...I approached the entrance to the taxiway a strong gust of wind picked up the right wing and simultaneously started turning the tail of the aircraft to the left. I immediately tried to correct the condition by applying aileron, adding some power for more positive rudder control and applying left rudder. While the tail responded to control input and began to move to the right, realigning the nose with the entrance of the taxiway, the right wing continued at a high attitude, not responding to control surface input...the radius of the intended turn had increased, and the intended direction and speed of the aircraft had changed...the aircraft left the hard surface and struck the ice and snow...upon striking the ice...the aircraft's throttle was inadvertently pushed forward due to the sudden impact, became airborne for a few feet and settled, with wings level, into 6 to 8 inches of packed snow...[causing] the aircraft to flip over.... According to the FAA Inspector's statement, the pilot said he landed on runway 32, rolled out to the intersection of runway 7/25 and made a left turn on the taxiway, as he entered the taxiway, "...the wind caught the right wing lifting the wing into the air." The pilot corrected the situation, and put the airplane back on the ground. Another gust of wind caught the tail and flipped the airplane over onto its back. The FAA Inspector stated: ...that even l5 knot winds were a little high to be flying a J3 Cub...I think when he turned cross wind he did not pay attention to the position of his control surfaces, thus allowing the wind to create lift. The pilot's total flight time was 1,775 hours, with 63 hours in this make and model airplane, and 1 hour in the last 90 days. The reported local weather was; clear, visibility 10 miles, Temperature 30 degrees F, winds from 320 degrees, at 10 to 15 knots, gusts to 20 knots. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N28148](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N28148), registered now, S/N 4615, built 1940 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Piper J3F - Registry model: [Piper J3F-65](https://openairdocs.org/model/piper-j3f-65) (registry code 7100536) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental A&C65 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-a-c65-series) (registry code 17003, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 4615 - Airframe hours: 3050 - Engines: CONTINENTAL C-85-8F 85 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Cub Club Inc - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, May 15, 1995, 38 hours before - Departed: WST - Airport: WST, Westerly State, runway 32, 4,000 × 150 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 58; commercial; airplane ratings: single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: rear; flight hours: 1,775 total, 63 in this make and model, 1,521 as pilot in command, 8 in the last 90 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 320° at 15 knots, gusting 20 - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: none - Temperature: 30 °F ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19951226042589A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19951226042589A), Dec 26, 1995: Piper J3F65, Westerly, RI, Substantial damage. Turning off runway wind lifted wing. Recovered, wind caught tail. Blew plane over. Failed to compensate properly. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.