# NTSB NYC96LA184: Cessna 172N, N737GJ, Shirley, NY, September 16, 1996 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: September 16, 1996, 11:15 local (15:15 UTC) - Place: Shirley, NY - Coordinates: 40.790164, -72.870826 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=40.7902&lon=-72.8708&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Approach](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/500) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report April 29, 1997 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 39241 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC96LA184 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/39241/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC96LA184 ## Probable cause the pilot's prematurely retraction of flaps during the go-around, which resulted in settling (mushing) of the airplane and a collision with the ground. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - In flight collision with terrain/water, go-around (vfr) - touch-and-go - initiated, pilot in command - raising of flaps - premature, pilot in command (cause) - stall/mush ## Analysis The solo student pilot had been performing touch and go landings. During the fifth touch and go landing, a gust of wind raised the left wing, and the airplane drifted right. The student initiated a go-around, then he retracted the flaps from 20 to 0 degrees continuously. The airplane then settled and collided with the ground. The student did not report any mechanical malfunction and stated that he should not have retracted the flaps continuously. The Cessna Pilot's Operating Handbook stated that for a go-around, retract the flaps to 20 degrees immediately, then to 10 degrees after clearing all obstacles, finally to 0 degrees after reaching a safe altitude and 60 knots indicated airspeed. ## Factual narrative On September 16, 1996, about 1115 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 172N, N737GJ, was substantially damaged when it collided with the ground during a go-around at the Brookhaven Airport, Shirley, New York. The student pilot, sole occupant, was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the flight that departed Farmingdale, New York. No flight plan was filed for the instructional flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. During a telephone interview with the student pilot (SP) stated that he planned to practice landings at Brookhaven. When he radioed his intentions, runway 33 was given as the active runway. During the landings, he compensated for a left cross wind with the wing-low method. On the fifth landing, a gust of wind raised the left wing, and the airplane drifted off the right side of the runway. The SP performed a go-around, during which, he retracted the flaps from 20 to 0 degrees continuously. The SP stated that as soon as he retracted the flaps, the airplane sank, and the right wing contacted the ground. He also stated that he should not have retracted the flaps continuously. The SP could not recall whether he was taught to raise the flaps in increments or continuously when conducting a go-around. According to a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector, runway 6-24 at Brookhaven was closed. The winds at Brookhaven were reported to be from 230 degrees at 10 knots, with gusts to 15 knots. Examination of the wreckage by the FAA Inspector did not disclose evidence of malfunctions with the airplane, nor did the pilot report any. The SP had a total flight time of 73 hours, of which 21 were solo. According to the Cessna 172 Pilot's Operating Handbook, for a go-around, it stated: BALKED LANDING 1. Throttle -- FULL OPEN. 2. Carburetor Heat -- COLD. 3. Wing Flaps -- 20 degrees (immediately). 4. Climb Speed -- 55KIAS. 5. Wing Flaps -- 10 degrees (after reaching a safe altitude and 60KIAS). ## Aircraft - Registration: [N737GJ](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N737GJ), registered now, S/N 17269404 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 172N - Registry model: [Cessna 172N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-172n) (registry code 2072434) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 17269404 - Airframe hours: 4029 - Engines: Lycoming O-320-H2AD 160 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Nomad Aviation Incorporated - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, August 2, 1996, 79 hours before - Departed: FRG, FARMINGDALE, NY - Destination: HWV - Airport: HWV, Brookhaven, runway 33, 4,325 × 150 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 35; student; medical: class 3, valid medical--no waivers/lim.; seat: left; flight hours: 73 total, 66 in this make and model, 21 as pilot in command ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: 220° at 10 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 15,000 ft broken - Temperature: 70 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: FOK, 10 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19960916028499A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19960916028499A), Sep 16, 1996: Cessna 172N, Shirley, NY, Substantial damage. Aircraft veered to right on landing, applied power to do a go around, raised flaps, came to rest in trees. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.