# NTSB NYC97LA113: Cessna 182N, N8970G, Frederick, MD, June 11, 1997 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: June 11, 1997, 11:30 local (15:30 UTC) - Place: Frederick, MD - Coordinates: 39.419555, -77.409767 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.4196&lon=-77.4098&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Landing](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/550) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 2 uninjured - Status: Completed, report February 2, 1998 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 39374 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC97LA113 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/39374/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA113 ## Probable cause The private pilot's improper flare, and the certificated flight instructor's delayed decision to add power, which resulted in the subsequent hard landing. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Hard landing, landing - flare/touchdown - flare - improper, dual student (cause) - in-flight planning/decision - delayed, pilot in command(cfi) (cause) ## Analysis The private pilot requested a right seat check out in the Flying Club's airplane because he flew as safety pilot during instrument flights. The private pilot, flying from the right seat, and a certificated flight instructor (CFI), seated in the left seat, departed for a training flight. A joint statement from both pilots stated that by agreement, the private pilot assumed the pilot-in-command responsibilities. At the destination airport, the CFI directed the private pilot to perform a short field landing. On final approach, the private pilot flared high, the CFI told the pilot to add power, and the airplane landed hard. The private pilot then applied power and the airplane became airborne again. The CFI took control of the airplane, and landed on the runway, where the airplane veered off the runway. ## Factual narrative On June 11, 1997, at 1130 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 182N, N8970G, operated by the Congressional Flying Club, Inc., was substantially damaged during landing at the Frederick Municipal Airport, Frederick, Maryland. The certificated flight instructor and private pilot were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the instructional flight that originated at the Montgomery County Airpark, Gaithersburg, Maryland, about 1045. No flight plan had been filed for the flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. The private pilot, flying from the right seat, and a certificated flight instructor (CFI), seated in the left seat, departed the Montgomery County Airpark, for the Frederick Municipal Airport (FDK). In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, the joint statement of the CFI and the private pilot stated: "By prior agreement, the flying pilot (FP) assumed the pilot-in-command responsibilities. The FP requested a right seat check out as he flies safety pilot during instrument flights with others in his flying club...While demonstrating a short field landing, the FP flared quickly, attempting to land on the numbers. Late in the flare, the nose rose high. The stall horn was sounding and the non flying pilot (NFP) [the CFI] requested the addition of power. The aircraft stalled, bounced, and the FP added power, causing the aircraft to again become airborne. The NFP assumed control of the aircraft and landed. There was no directional control and the aircraft rolled onto the grass..." A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector conducted a telephone interview with the CFI on June 12, 1997. During the interview the CFI stated that he was the flight instructor and occupied the left seat. The CFI was giving dual instruction in the Congressional Flying Club's Cessna 182, for a 'right seat checkout' to the private pilot. The CFI asked the private pilot to perform a short field landing. The approach appeared to be "fine" until the last 20 feet, when the private pilot raised the nose "excessively" and the stall horn activated. The CFI directed the pilot to add power, and the airplane landed hard. Power was then applied, and the airplane became airborne again. The CFI then took control of the airplane, landed on runway 23, and the airplane veered off the runway. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N8970G](https://openairdocs.org/deregistered/N8970G-2018-03-20), registration cancelled 2018-03-20, S/N 18260510, built 1970 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna 182N - Registry model: [Cessna 182N](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-182n) (registry code 2072730) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental O-470 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-o-470-series) (registry code 17026, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: 18260510 - Airframe hours: 5973 - Engines: Continental O-470-R25 230 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Instructional, Part 91 - Registered owner: Congressinal Flying Club Inc. - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal - Last inspection: Annual, June 20, 1997, 464 hours before - Departed: GAI, GAITHERSBURG, MD - Destination: FDK - Airport: FDK, Frederick Municipal, runway 23, 5,200 × 100 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 60; flight instructor, airline transport; airplane ratings: single-engine sea, single-engine land, multi-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 2, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 4,700 total, 247 in this make and model, 4,650 as pilot in command, 61 in the last 90 days, 29 in the last 30 days ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Day - Wind: variable at 3 knots - Visibility: 10 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 25,000 ft broken - Temperature: 84 °F, dew point 57 °F - Altimeter: 29.00 inHg - Observed at: BWI, 35 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19970611013889A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19970611013889A), Jun 11, 1997: Cessna 182N, Frederick, MD, Substantial damage. Flared nose high. CFI advised add power. 182 stalled bounced CFI added power. Relanded. No steering veered off rwy. From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.