# NTSB NYC97LA161: Cessna A150L, N23JR, Waynesburg, PA, August 6, 1997 - Type: NTSB accident investigation - Classification: Accident · No injuries · Limited investigation · Final report - Date: August 6, 1997, 19:43 local (23:43 UTC) - Place: Waynesburg, PA - Coordinates: 39.889991, -80.179542 (estimated) - Nearby events: https://openairdocs.org/map.md?lat=39.8900&lon=-80.1795&mi=10 - Phase of flight: [Initial climb](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb-phases/350) (OpenAirDocs' grouping) - Highest injury: No injuries - Injuries: 1 uninjured - Status: Completed, report June 26, 1998 - Report: Approved by Office Director - NTSB case key (mKey): 39416 - NTSB case page: https://web.ntsb.gov/investigations/?ntsbnumber=NYC97LA161 - NTSB report (PDF, downloads): https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/39416/pdf - Page: https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/NYC97LA161 ## Probable cause the pilot's inadequate preflight by failing to ensure there was adequate fuel on board, which resulted in fuel exhaustion during takeoff. ## Sequence of events In NTSB's coding before 2008 (https://www.ntsb.gov/GILS/Documents/codman.pdf). - Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical, takeoff - initial climb - aircraft preflight - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - fluid,fuel - exhaustion (cause) - fuel supply - inadequate, pilot in command (cause) - Forced landing, emergency descent/landing - On ground/water collision with object, emergency landing - object - sign ## Analysis After over 3 hours of flight, the pilot noted the airplane's fuel quantity was low, and he landed for fuel. The fuel pumps were closed at that airport, and the pilot departed for another airport, with the fuel gauges reading 1/8 for the left tank and 1/4 for the right tank. After takeoff, about 300 feet above the ground, the engine lost power. The pilot completed a right 180 degree turn back to the airport, and the airplane touched down in a field, ballooned, then continued onto a road where it struck road signs and nosed over. After the accident, a witness heard the pilot state that he ran out of fuel. Examination of the airplane revealed 'some' fuel in the fuel lines, carburetor, and filter, and a small quantity of fuel in the airplane's wing tanks. The Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH) stated that 3.5 gallons of fuel was unusable. The POH also depicted a fuel duration of 3.2 to 3.9 hours. ## Factual narrative On August 6, 1997, about 1943 eastern daylight time, a Cessna A150L, N23JR, was substantially damaged during a forced landing to a field in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania. The certificated commercial pilot was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the personal flight that originated at Waynesburg, about 1940, destined for Morgantown, West Virginia. No flight plan had been filed for the flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, and during interviews with the Pennsylvania State Police and a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector, the pilot stated that he departed Cortland, New York, destined for Parkersburg, West Virginia. After about 3 hours of flight, the airplane's fuel quantity was low, and the pilot landed at Waynesburg (WAY) for fuel. The fuel pumps at WAY were closed, and the pilot decided to fly to Morgantown for fuel. The pilot stated that after engine start, the engine run-up were normal, and he departed with the left fuel gauge reading 1/8, and right fuel gauge reading 1/4. After takeoff, about 300 feet above the ground, the engine lost power. The pilot completed a right 180 degree turn back to the airport. After the turn, the airplane touched down in a field, ballooned, then continued onto a road where it struck road signs and nosed over. According to a witness, he heard an airplane and looked up. The witness stated: "...noticed the plane flying low. I assumed he would be landing at the Waynesburg Airport. I then heard the engine bog out. I thought the pilot might be gliding the plane in; but, the plane stalled momentarily in the air...The nose was upward. He made a sharp turn and was coming down...He was out of sight when I heard the crash..." According to a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector, examination of the airplane revealed "some" fuel in the fuel lines, carburetor, and filter. A small quantity of fuel was observed in the airplane's wing tanks. According to the airplane log and Hobbs meter, the airplane had been operated for about 3.1 hours since it departed Cortland. Examination of the carburetor heat box revealed that the control rod to the butterfly had previously been repaired, and the control rod was separated from the butterfly. The pilot stated to the Pennsylvania State Police Officer that the airplane's fuel tanks held enough fuel for 5 to 5 1/2 hours of flight. According to the Cessna Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH), the airplane's total fuel capacity was 25 gallons, of which 3.5 gallons was unusable. The POH cruise performance chart displayed estimated fuel duration, for a lean mixture, and a standard temperature of 59 degrees F. At 2,500 feet pressure altitude, the hours of endurance ranged from 3.9 hours at 77% power, to 3.2 hours at 92% power. A note at the bottom of the chart stated that the calculations provided no allowances for takeoffs or reserve. The Operational Data page of the POH also stated that allowances for fuel reserve, headwinds, takeoffs and climb, temperature, and variations in mixture leaning technique are not shown in the chart. It further stated that: "...Other indeterminate variables such as carburetor metering characteristics, engine and propeller conditions, and turbulence of the atmosphere may account for variations of 10% or more..." According to the Cessna Pilot Safety and Warning Supplements: "...The use of full Carburetor heat at full throttle usually results in a 1 to 2 inch loss of manifold pressure or a loss of approximately 150 RPM...Furthermore, the pilot should remember that any application or removal of carburetor hat during cruise flight will call for an appropriate adjustment of the mixture..." A review of the Cessna Maintenance Manuals revealed that the fuel outlet lines from the fuel tanks to the engine were located at the front of each tank. After the accident, a witness heard the pilot state that he ran out of fuel. ## Aircraft - Registration: [N23JR](https://openairdocs.org/aircraft/N23JR), registered now, S/N A1500259, built 1970 (OpenAirDocs) - Reported make and model: Cessna A150L - Registry model: [Cessna A150L](https://openairdocs.org/model/cessna-a150l) (registry code 2071828) (OpenAirDocs) - Registry engine: [Continental 0-200 series](https://openairdocs.org/engine/continental-0-200-series) (registry code 17020, reciprocating) (OpenAirDocs) - Category: Airplane - Serial number: A1500259 - Airframe hours: 3529 - Engines: Continental O-200-A 100 horsepower reciprocating - Damage: Substantial damage - Flight: Personal, Part 91 - Registered owner: Seven Valley Aviation - Airworthiness certificate: Standard, Normal; Standard, Aerobatic - Last inspection: Annual, January 9, 1997, 51 hours before - Departed: WAY - Destination: MGW, MORGANTOWN, WV - Airport: WAY, Green County, runway 26, 3,500 × 75 ft, asphalt ## Flight crew As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names. - Pilot; age 28; commercial; airplane ratings: multi-engine land, single-engine land; instrument ratings: airplane; medical: class 1, valid medical--w/ waivers/lim; seat: left; flight hours: 645 total, 60 in this make and model, 540 as pilot in command, 12 in the last 90 days, 5 in the last 30 days, 1 in the last 24 hours ## Weather - Conditions: Visual (VMC), Dusk - Wind: 250° at 6 knots - Visibility: 20 statute miles - Lowest ceiling: 15,000 ft broken - Temperature: 70 °F, dew point 54 °F - Altimeter: 30.00 inHg - Observed at: MGW, 18 nm away ## FAA reports on this event (1) The FAA's own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date (OpenAirDocs). - [Accident 19970806047029A](https://openairdocs.org/incident/19970806047029A), Aug 6, 1997: Cessna A150L, Waynesburg, PA, Substantial damage. (-16) No narrative given. ## Other investigations on N23JR (1) From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. - [NTSB CHI79FEE21](https://openairdocs.org/ntsb/CHI79FEE21), Dec 17, 1978: Cessna 150 (N23JR), Mendota, IL, substantial damage From the NTSB's public API. Aircraft are matched to registry aircraft by N-number and event date, checked against the reported serial number, make and model; the registry's history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model. --- OpenAirDocs.org is an independent research project of [Contrail Labs](https://contraillabs.com/). It is not affiliated with the FAA or the NTSB. Source documents are U.S. government works in the public domain.